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Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation
Published on: May 2, 2013
Human papillomavirus infection and anal dysplasia in renal transplant recipients
H S Patel1, A R Silver, T Levine
1Colorectal Cancer Genetics Group, Institute for Cell and Molecular Sciences, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.
Background:
Immunosuppression is a known risk factor for anal human papillomavirus (HPV) disease, including anal squamous cell carcinoma. Additional risk factors for HPV-related disease have not been studied in the renal transplant population. The demographics of anal HPV and associated risk factors were investigated in this population.
Methods:
Anal cytology and polymerase chain reaction were used to assess anal HPV disease in a cohort of transplant recipients at the Royal London Hospital. Risk factors associated with increased immunosuppression and HPV exposure were collated to determine any association with anal disease.
Results:
Anal dysplasia was associated with anal oncogenic HPV infection (P < 0.001), duration of immunosuppression (P = 0.050), previous genital warts (P = 0.018) and receptive anal intercourse (P = 0.013).
Conclusion:
Anal dysplasia was related to immunosuppression and patient factors in this cohort.
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