Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Teeth

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

World Heart Federation Roadmap on cardiac rehabilitation: a pathway to lifelong cardiovascular health.

Nature reviews. Cardiology·2026

Same author

Tunable self-assembling cellular microarray for single-neutrophil vital and suicidal extracellular traps.

Lab on a chip·2026

Same author

Correction: Safety and feasibility of early discharge after transcatheter aortic valve implantation with ACURATE Neo-the POLESTAR trial.

Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society·2026

Same author

On the aerodynamics of dual-stage co-axial vertical-axis wind turbines.

Wind engineering·2026

Same author

Redefining transition: Self-efficacy in urologic care.

Journal of pediatric urology·2026

Same author

VesSynth: Tubes Are All You Need for Robust Cross-Scale Cross-Modal 3D Vessel Segmentation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition

Published on: February 23, 2024

Bite force measurement in children with primary dentition.

Gary Mountain¹, David Wood, Jack Toumba

¹School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. g.mountain@leeds.ac.uk

International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry

|August 25, 2010

Summary

Maximum bite force in young children (3-6 years) varies widely, with measurements ranging from 12.61 N to 353.64 N. This study provides key reference values for pediatric dental practice and research.

More Related Videos

Temporomandibular Joint Pain Measurement by Bite Force and Von Frey Filament Assays in Mice

Temporomandibular Joint Pain Measurement by Bite Force and Von Frey Filament Assays in Mice

Published on: September 13, 2024

Microhardness Measurements on Tooth and Alveolar Bone in Rodent Oral Disease Models

Microhardness Measurements on Tooth and Alveolar Bone in Rodent Oral Disease Models

Published on: April 26, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition

Published on: February 23, 2024

Temporomandibular Joint Pain Measurement by Bite Force and Von Frey Filament Assays in Mice

Temporomandibular Joint Pain Measurement by Bite Force and Von Frey Filament Assays in Mice

Published on: September 13, 2024

Microhardness Measurements on Tooth and Alveolar Bone in Rodent Oral Disease Models

Microhardness Measurements on Tooth and Alveolar Bone in Rodent Oral Disease Models

Published on: April 26, 2024

Area of Science:

Pediatric Dentistry
Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

Understanding bite force in young children is crucial for assessing oral development and function.
Limited data exists on maximum bite force in the primary dentition.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify maximum bite force in children aged 3-6 years with primary dentition.
To investigate the influence of dental caries and malocclusion on bite force.

Main Methods:

Recruited 205 children aged 3-6 years from UK primary schools.
Measured bite force in Newtons (N) bilaterally on primary molars and central incisors using a specialized bite force gauge.

Main Results:

Prevalence of dental caries was 30.4% and malocclusion was 17.1%.
Recorded bite forces exhibited significant intra- and inter-individual variation (12.61 N - 353.64 N).

Conclusions:

Young children's bite forces show considerable variation, aligning with previous limited studies.
Established reference values are valuable for pediatric dental clinical practice and research.