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Related Concept Videos

Protein Organization01:24

Protein Organization

Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence.
Protein Organization01:13

Protein Organization

Overview
Protein Organization01:24

Protein Organization

Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence.
Structural Protein Function01:56

Structural Protein Function

Structural proteins are a category of proteins responsible for functions ranging from cell shape and movement to providing support to major structures such as bones, cartilage, hair, and muscles. This group includes proteins such as collagen, actin, myosin, and keratin.
Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is found throughout the body. In connective tissue, such as skin, ligaments, and tendons, it provides tensile strength and elasticity.  In bones and teeth, it mineralizes to form...
Structural Protein Function01:56

Structural Protein Function

Structural proteins are a category of proteins responsible for functions ranging from cell shape and movement to providing support to major structures such as bones, cartilage, hair, and muscles. This group includes proteins such as collagen, actin, myosin, and keratin.
Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is found throughout the body. In connective tissue, such as skin, ligaments, and tendons, it provides tensile strength and elasticity.  In bones and teeth, it mineralizes to form...
Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum01:34

Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

The organelle-specific signaling sequences direct proteins synthesized in the cytosol to their final destination like ER, mitochondria, peroxisomes, etc. Some of the proteins directed to ER are then trafficked via vesicles to other organelles within the cell or the extracellular environment through the Golgi complex. For example, the rough ER synthesizes soluble proteins for transportation to the lysosomes or secretion out of the cell. It can also synthesize transmembrane proteins that can...

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Application of I TASSER, trRosetta, UCSF Chimera, HADDOCK server, and HEX loria for De Novo and In Silico Design of Proteins
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Application of I TASSER, trRosetta, UCSF Chimera, HADDOCK server, and HEX loria for De Novo and In Silico Design of Proteins

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Chapter 1. Target selection in structural genomics projects to increase knowledge of protein structure and function

Phil Carter1, David Lee, Christine Orengo

  • 1Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology
|August 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Structural genomics rapidly determines protein structures to advance life sciences and drug discovery. The US Protein Structure Initiative is a leading example, solving thousands of protein structures.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Structural genomics aims to accelerate the determination of three-dimensional protein structures.
  • This field holds long-term promise for impacting life sciences, biotechnology, and drug discovery.
  • Global structural genomics initiatives began with Japan's Protein Folds Project in 1997.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the biological objectives of high-throughput structural biology.
  • To focus on the Protein Structure Initiative (PSI) in the United States.
  • To highlight the PSI's significant contributions to structural genomics.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput structure determination techniques.
  • Analysis of protein structure data.
  • Comparative assessment of global structural genomics projects.

Main Results:

  • The Protein Structure Initiative (PSI) is the most productive structural genomics program globally.
  • Between September 2000 and October 2008, the PSI successfully determined 3,363 new protein structures.
  • Diverse aims influence protein selection across various international structural genomics initiatives.

Conclusions:

  • High-throughput structural biology is crucial for advancing scientific understanding.
  • The PSI demonstrates the effectiveness of large-scale, focused structural genomics efforts.
  • Continued investment in structural genomics is vital for future breakthroughs in medicine and biotechnology.