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Related Concept Videos

Effects of Chemicals: Overview01:27

Effects of Chemicals: Overview

Drugs, encompassing various chemical compounds from natural sources, lab synthesis, or genetic engineering, elicit different biological responses in living organisms. Some of these responses are desirable or therapeutic, while others are undesirable. The primary goal of administering a drug is to achieve a therapeutic effect, that is, to address a specific disease or health condition. Any concurrent effects outside of this therapeutic outcome are considered undesirable. These undesirable...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Eye Irritation Test (EIT) for Hazard Identification of Eye Irritating Chemicals using Reconstructed Human Cornea-like Epithelial (RhCE) Tissue Model
10:13

Eye Irritation Test (EIT) for Hazard Identification of Eye Irritating Chemicals using Reconstructed Human Cornea-like Epithelial (RhCE) Tissue Model

Published on: August 23, 2015

Eye irritation: Reference chemicals data bank.

D M Bagley1, P A Botham, J R Gardner

  • 1Colgate-Palmolive Co., 909 River Road, PO Box 1343, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1343, USA.

Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA
|August 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A reference dataset of 55 chemicals with established in vivo rabbit eye irritation data has been compiled. This data bank aids in validating alternative methods to the in vivo rabbit eye irritation test.

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Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Eye Irritation Test (EIT) for Hazard Identification of Eye Irritating Chemicals using Reconstructed Human Cornea-like Epithelial (RhCE) Tissue Model
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Published on: March 15, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Chemical Safety

Background:

  • The in vivo rabbit eye irritation test (OECD Test Guideline 405) is a standard method for assessing chemical eye irritancy.
  • There is a growing need for validated alternative methods to reduce animal testing in chemical safety assessments.
  • Existing data from reliable studies are crucial for developing and validating these alternative approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compile a comprehensive reference database of in vivo rabbit eye irritation data for 55 well-characterized chemicals.
  • To rank these chemicals based on their eye irritation potential using a modified maximum average score.
  • To provide a valuable resource for the validation of alternative methods to the in vivo rabbit eye irritation test.

Main Methods:

  • Selection of 55 chemicals with available, high-purity, and stable in vivo rabbit eye irritation data.
  • Data sourced from studies conducted since 1981, adhering to OECD Test Guideline 405 and Good Laboratory Practice principles.
  • Standardized testing involved instillation of 0.1 ml of undiluted chemical into the conjunctival sac of rabbits, with observations at 24, 48, and 72 hours.

Main Results:

  • A curated list of 55 chemicals with comprehensive in vivo rabbit eye irritation data was established.
  • The chemicals represent diverse chemical classes and varying degrees of irritancy.
  • Chemicals were ranked according to their eye irritation potential using a modified maximum average score.

Conclusions:

  • The developed reference data bank is a crucial resource for validating alternative methods to the in vivo rabbit eye irritation test.
  • This initiative supports the progression towards regulatory acceptance of non-animal testing strategies for eye irritation.
  • The availability of reliable in vivo data is essential for the successful implementation of alternative toxicological assessments.