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Related Concept Videos

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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Gene-therapy Inspired Polycation Coating for Protection of DNA Origami Nanostructures
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Gene-therapy Inspired Polycation Coating for Protection of DNA Origami Nanostructures

Published on: January 19, 2019

Polycationic protamine for water-insoluble complex formation with DNA.

Tadao Fukushima1, Jun Ohno, Tohru Hayakawa

  • 1Department of Dental Engineering, Bioengineering section, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan. tadaof@college.fdcnet.ac.jp

Dental Materials Journal
|August 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary

A novel DNA/protamine complex, a biodegradable biomaterial, exhibits antibacterial properties and low cytotoxicity. This porous material shows promise for various biomedical applications, offering enhanced cell viability.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Developing novel biodegradable biomaterials with antibacterial properties is crucial for biomedical applications.
  • DNA and protamine sulfate are biocompatible components that can form complexes with unique characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prepare and characterize a DNA/protamine complex.
  • To evaluate its cell viability, antibacterial effects, and histopathological responses.

Main Methods:

  • DNA and protamine sulfate solutions were reacted to form the complex.
  • Cell viability was assessed using MC-3T3-E1 mouse osteoblast cells.
  • Antibacterial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella intermedia.
  • In vivo histopathological responses were examined.

Main Results:

  • A water-insoluble, porous DNA/protamine complex was successfully prepared with 61% formation efficiency.
  • The complex demonstrated significantly lower cytotoxicity than protamine sulfate alone, with over 98% cell viability.
  • The complex exhibited antibacterial effects against tested bacterial strains.
  • Mild tissue response was observed in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • The DNA/protamine complex is a promising biodegradable biomaterial.
  • Its antibacterial properties and low cytotoxicity suggest potential for various biomedical applications.