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Cytokine gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to cachexia.

Benjamin H L Tan1, Kenneth C H Fearon

  • 1University of Edinburgh, Clinical and Surgical Sciences (Surgery), Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, UK.

Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care
|August 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Genetic factors influence susceptibility to cachexia, a disease linked to chronic illness. While some cytokine gene variations, like the IL10 -1082 G allele, show promise, larger studies are needed to confirm these links.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Immunology
  • Metabolism

Background:

  • Cachexia is a complex condition characterized by progressive body habitus deterioration in chronic diseases.
  • Differential susceptibility to cachexia suggests underlying genetic predispositions.
  • Inflammation and genetic variations are key areas of investigation for understanding cachexia development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the influence of inflammation and gene polymorphisms on susceptibility to cachexia.
  • To explore genetic factors contributing to differential risk of developing cachexia.
  • To identify specific genetic markers associated with cachexia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating genetic polymorphisms and cachexia.
  • Analysis of evidence linking cytokine gene polymorphisms to cachexia risk.
  • Examination of studies on non-inflammatory gene variations and their association with cachexia.

Main Results:

  • Certain cytokine gene polymorphisms are associated with cachexia, with the IL10 -1082 G allele being replicated in multiple studies.
  • The IL10 -1082 G allele is linked to an increased risk of developing cachexia.
  • Variations in non-inflammatory genes, such as the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism, are also implicated in cachexia, affecting lean body mass.

Conclusions:

  • Growing evidence supports a genetic basis for cachexia susceptibility.
  • Current research is limited by small sample sizes and a focus on a few polymorphisms.
  • Large-scale genetic studies, including genome-wide association studies, are necessary to fully understand the genotype-cachexia relationship.