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Digital Inline Holographic Microscopy (DIHM) of Weakly-scattering Subjects

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Scanning differential interferometer to measure index heterogeneity.

N Bobroff, A E Rosenbluth, M Hatzakis

|August 25, 2010

Summary

This study precisely measures glass refractive index heterogeneity using a scanning differential interferometer. The novel method effectively separates surface shape from internal material variations for accurate optical property analysis.

Area of Science:

Optical physics
Materials science
Metrology

Background:

Accurate measurement of refractive index heterogeneity in optical materials is crucial for performance.
Distinguishing between surface figure and bulk inhomogeneity is a significant challenge in optical metrology.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and demonstrate a method for measuring the index heterogeneity of glass samples with high repeatability.
To decouple the effects of surface topography from bulk optical properties.

Main Methods:

Utilized a scanning differential interferometer to measure refractive index variations.
Employed a thin film of index-matching liquid to isolate the sample's surface from the interferometer cavity.
Developed an algorithm based on Poisson's equation for reconstructing optical path length profiles.

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Main Results:

Achieved a repeatability of 2 x 10(-8) in index heterogeneity measurements.
Demonstrated a noise-limited instrument resolution of 2 nm of optical path length.
Successfully decoupled surface figure from bulk inhomogeneity.

Conclusions:

The developed technique provides highly repeatable and accurate measurements of glass index heterogeneity.
The method effectively separates surface and bulk optical characteristics, crucial for optical component characterization.