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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
In gastric emptying studies, a meal's liquid and solid...
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography

Echocardiography plays a role in assessing cardiac health and detecting heart conditions, with various types providing critical insights for diagnosis and treatment.
Types of Echocardiography
Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE)
TTE is the most common type of echocardiogram which involves placing a transducer on the patient's chest, emitting sound waves to create heart images. TTE is invaluable for evaluating the heart's size, structure, and motion, making it particularly useful for diagnosing...
Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation01:25

Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation

Introduction
The abdominal examination is a cornerstone of clinical medicine, serving as a critical tool in diagnosing various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. It involves a systematic approach that includes inspection and auscultation, each with distinct yet complementary roles in assessing the abdomen. This article will delve into these two primary methods healthcare professionals use to examine the abdomen.
Inspection of the Abdomen
The first step in any abdominal examination is inspection.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia
05:07

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia

Published on: July 21, 2023

Bowel sonography in sepsis with pathological correlation: an experimental study.

Hwa-Young Kim1, In-One Kim, Woo Sun Kim

  • 1Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Institute of Radiation Medicine, 101 Daehangno, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea.

Pediatric Radiology
|August 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Sepsis in infant rabbits led to increased superior mesenteric artery (SMA) resistive index (RI) detected by Doppler ultrasound, indicating potential for early diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). This non-invasive method aids in identifying intestinal injury in septic infants.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia
05:07

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia

Published on: July 21, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Medical imaging
  • Pediatric surgery
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Sepsis is a known risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in full-term infants.
  • Early diagnosis of NEC in septic infants is crucial for timely intervention.
  • This study investigates Doppler sonography for early NEC detection in a sepsis model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the resistive index (RI) of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) using Doppler sonography in an experimental sepsis model.
  • To correlate SMA RI findings with pathological evidence of intestinal injury.
  • To assess the potential of Doppler US for early NEC diagnosis in septic neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Sepsis was induced in 1-week-old rabbits using lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
  • Grayscale and Doppler sonography were used to assess abdominal aorta caliber, bowel wall thickness, echogenicity, and SMA velocities (peak systolic and end-diastolic).
  • SMA RI was calculated and correlated with pathological grading of intestinal injury.

Main Results:

  • Sepsis induced significant increases in bowel wall thickness and decreased abdominal aorta caliber.
  • SMA end-diastolic velocity decreased, and SMA RI significantly increased post-LPS injection.
  • Pathological analysis revealed varying grades of intestinal injury, with higher SMA RIs correlating with more severe injury (grades 2 and 3).

Conclusions:

  • Experimental sepsis in rabbits caused pathological intestinal injury.
  • Significant changes in SMA Doppler parameters, particularly increased RI, were observed.
  • These Doppler US findings may aid in the early detection of intestinal injury in septic infants at risk for NEC.