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Related Concept Videos

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:26

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is an essential intervention for patients experiencing severe kidney dysfunction. This therapy offers a continuous mechanism for removing fluids and toxins from the bloodstream, leveraging the patient’s blood pressure to facilitate filtration through a specialized filter. This method contrasts with intermittent dialysis, providing a gentler and more consistent removal of waste products and excess fluid, which is particularly beneficial in critically...
Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis01:30

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or those experiencing drug overdose often require extracorporeal methods to eliminate accumulated drugs and metabolites. Hemoperfusion, hemofiltration, and dialysis are the primary techniques to rapidly remove harmful substances without disrupting the patient's fluid and electrolyte balance. For those with compromised renal function, dosage adjustments of concurrent medications may be necessary during extracorporeal drug removal.Dialysis is a process...
Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Glomerular Filtration01:17

Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Glomerular Filtration

The kidney serves as the primary organ responsible for eliminating drugs and their metabolites from the body. This process, known as renal elimination, starts with glomerular filtration and results in urine formation. Each kidney houses millions of functional units called nephrons, where urine production takes place. A nephron has two main components: a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule. Drugs gain access to the kidney via the renal artery, which progressively branches off into afferent...
Renal Drug Excretion: Overview01:15

Renal Drug Excretion: Overview

As primary excretory organs, the kidneys maintain homeostasis by removing waste substances from the bloodstream. They comprise over a million units called nephrons, which serve as the kidney's functional units.
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Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Drug Elimination: Non-Renal Routes01:23

Drug Elimination: Non-Renal Routes

The liver plays a pivotal role in eliminating drugs and their metabolites, primarily through a process known as biliary excretion. This process involves the hepatocytes, the primary cells in the liver that generate bile. A range of transporters actively expels polar drugs or hydrophilic drug metabolites into the bile, which transports the drugs and metabolites into the small intestine. From here, they are eventually expelled from the body through feces. In some instances, the original drug or a...

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Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones
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Published on: February 5, 2018

Mephedrone, new kid for the chop?

Adam R Winstock1, Luke R Mitcheson, Paolo Deluca

  • 1King's College London, Department of Addictions, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK. adam.winstock@kcl.ac.uk

Addiction (Abingdon, England)
|August 26, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Mephedrone, a synthetic stimulant, is frequently used intranasally by young males in the UK. It shows abuse potential comparable to cocaine, with users reporting a better high.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychopharmacology
  • Drug Use Epidemiology
  • Substance Abuse Research

Background:

  • Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) is a novel synthetic stimulant gaining popularity in Europe.
  • Limited data exists on its prevalence, usage patterns, and effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To gather preliminary data on mephedrone use and effects among UK dance drug users.
  • To understand the prevalence and patterns of mephedrone consumption.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional anonymous online survey was conducted.
  • Participants were recruited from a UK-based dance music and clubbing website.
  • 947 mephedrone users provided data on demographics, drug use, and effects.

Main Results:

  • Mephedrone was the sixth most frequently used drug among participants.
  • Users were typically younger and male, with 15.1% using weekly or more.
  • Intranasal use was most common (69.5%) and associated with increased abuse liability, perceived addictiveness, and risk compared to cocaine.

Conclusions:

  • Mephedrone is primarily used intranasally.
  • Its abuse potential appears comparable to cocaine.
  • Over half of users who have tried both reported a better high from mephedrone.