Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

A generalized information function applied to the genetic code.

T Alvager1, G Graham, R Hilleke

  • 1Department of Physics, Indiana State University, Terre Haute 47809.

Bio Systems
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Has denigration of career choice within medicine improved in the UK over the last decade?

Education for primary care : an official publication of the Association of Course Organisers, National Association of GP Tutors, World Organisation of Family Doctors·2026
Same author

Learning induces unique transcriptional landscapes in the auditory cortex.

Hearing research·2023
Same author

Learning induces unique transcriptional landscapes in the auditory cortex.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2023
Same author

A rare mimic of basal cell carcinoma.

Clinical and experimental dermatology·2021
Same author

Analysis of Affordance, Time, and Adaptation in the Assessment of Industrial Control System Cybersecurity Risk.

Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·2017
Same author

Peer Review of Radiotherapy Planning: Quantifying Outcomes and a Proposal for Prospective Data Collection.

Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))·2016
Same journal

Ruliological Resilience: Pattern Restoration and Robustness in Wolfram Patterns. A Basis for Regeneration, Not Just in Cone Shells?

Bio Systems·2026
Same journal

The quantum-to-classical transducer: A thermodynamic and quantum mechanical framework for the emergence of bioenergetics.

Bio Systems·2026
Same journal

Forward-backward gene expression binarization for boolean state inference over a known regulatory network.

Bio Systems·2026
Same journal

Partial-label metric ceilings for evaluating gene regulatory networks inferred from single-cell foundation models.

Bio Systems·2026
Same journal

The impedance mismatch theory: A non-equilibrium thermodynamic framework for a shared energetic stress pathway in neurodegeneration.

Bio Systems·2026
Same journal

Immune signal-status misclassification: A theoretical framework for biological status assignment and failed status resolution.

Bio Systems·2026
See all related articles

This study introduces a generalized information function to analyze codon degeneracy in the genetic code. Optimal partitioning of codon degeneracy was found using this function, supporting existing biological understanding.

Area of Science:

  • Bioinformatics
  • Information Theory
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The genetic code exhibits degeneracy, where multiple codons can specify the same amino acid.
  • Understanding codon degeneracy partitioning is crucial for deciphering evolutionary and functional constraints.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore codon degeneracy partitioning using a novel generalized information function.
  • To determine if this function can identify optimal degeneracy patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a generalized information function: IG = c sigma kpk(ln pk + G(Ek)).
  • Employed direct numerical calculations and optimization techniques.
  • Investigated the function with G(Ek) = 0 (Shannon information) and a specific G(Ek) accounting for even degeneracy dominance.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • The generalized information function, with a specific G(Ek), identified correct degeneracy partitioning as optimal values.
  • Numerical and optimization calculations supported these findings.
  • The Shannon information function was recovered when G(Ek) = 0.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed generalized information function provides a framework for analyzing codon degeneracy.
  • This approach offers insights into the structural and functional organization of the genetic code.