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Mixed parentage in Neolamprologus pulcher groups.

K A Stiver1, J L Fitzpatrick, J K Desjardins

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8106, USA. kelly.stiver@yale.edu

Journal of Fish Biology
|August 26, 2010
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Cooperative breeding in Neolamprologus pulcher involves mixed parentage in most groups. Subordinate females sometimes share maternity, while only dominant males sire extra-pair young.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cooperative breeding systems are common in fish, particularly in cichlids like Neolamprologus pulcher.
  • Understanding reproductive strategies within social groups is crucial for evolutionary studies.
  • Parentage analysis provides insights into the genetic contributions of individuals in social structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic mating system and parentage in cooperatively breeding Neolamprologus pulcher.
  • To determine the frequency of mixed parentage and identify the contributors within social groups.
  • To examine the reproductive roles of dominant and subordinate individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Collection of genetic data from established Neolamprologus pulcher social groups.
  • Analysis of genetic relatedness to assign parentage within and between groups.
  • Comparison of reproductive success across different social ranks (dominant vs. subordinate).

Main Results:

  • Mixed parentage was detected in 80% of the examined Neolamprologus pulcher groups.
  • One instance of shared maternity was observed, with a subordinate female breeding alongside a dominant female.
  • Extra-pair paternity was exclusively attributed to dominant males from other social groups; subordinate males did not sire any offspring.

Conclusions:

  • Neolamprologus pulcher exhibits a complex mating system characterized by high rates of mixed parentage.
  • Reproductive opportunities are skewed, with dominant males monopolizing extra-pair paternity.
  • Subordinate females may contribute to group reproduction, but subordinate males appear to have negligible reproductive roles.