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Related Concept Videos

Veins of Head and Neck01:19

Veins of Head and Neck

The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...
Arteries of the Head and Neck01:26

Arteries of the Head and Neck

The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
Muscles that Move the Head01:19

Muscles that Move the Head

The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
Cancer02:18

Cancer

Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Therapy Testing in a Spheroid-based 3D Cell Culture Model for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
06:11

Therapy Testing in a Spheroid-based 3D Cell Culture Model for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: April 20, 2018

Head and neck cancer.

Emily Crozier1, Baran D Sumer

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9035, USA.

The Medical Clinics of North America
|August 26, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early detection of upper aerodigestive tract cancers is crucial for better outcomes. Primary care physicians are key in identifying these squamous cell carcinomas, often linked to lifestyle factors, through persistent symptoms.

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A Model for Perineural Invasion in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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A Model for Perineural Invasion in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: January 5, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Therapy Testing in a Spheroid-based 3D Cell Culture Model for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
06:11

Therapy Testing in a Spheroid-based 3D Cell Culture Model for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: April 20, 2018

A Model for Perineural Invasion in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
08:59

A Model for Perineural Invasion in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: January 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Early detection of upper aerodigestive tract cancer significantly improves patient prognosis.
  • Primary care physicians are vital in the early identification of these malignancies.
  • Most upper aerodigestive tract cancers are squamous cell carcinomas associated with tobacco, alcohol, or human papillomavirus (HPV) exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the critical role of primary care physicians in the early detection of upper aerodigestive tract cancers.
  • To highlight the nonspecific symptoms that warrant investigation for malignancy.
  • To discuss advancements in treatment leading to improved quality of life.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on upper aerodigestive tract cancer detection and treatment.
  • Analysis of the role of primary care in identifying early-stage squamous cell carcinomas.
  • Evaluation of the impact of nonsurgical treatment on organ preservation and rehabilitation.

Main Results:

  • Persistent oral lesions, neck masses, or unexplained ear, nose, and throat symptoms necessitate a malignancy evaluation.
  • While overall survival rates have not dramatically improved, nonsurgical treatments enhance organ preservation.
  • Rehabilitation after treatment has led to a better quality of life for survivors.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt evaluation of persistent symptoms by primary care physicians is essential for early upper aerodigestive tract cancer detection.
  • Advances in nonsurgical treatments improve quality of life and organ preservation for cancer survivors.
  • Continued focus on early detection strategies is necessary to improve prognoses for these cancers.