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Early Peristomal Skin Complications Reported by WOC Nurses
1University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. crr9m@Virginia.edu
Summary
Nearly half of ostomy patients experience peristomal skin complications. Irritant dermatitis was the most common complication, highlighting the need for standardized tracking and evidence-based care protocols for ostomy patients.
Area of Science:
- Wound, Ostomy, and Continence (WOC) Nursing
- Dermatology
- Surgical Patient Care
Background:
- Peristomal skin complications (PSCs) are common in ostomy patients, with reported prevalence ranging from 10% to 70%.
- Variability in PSC reporting is attributed to inconsistent terminology and lack of standardized tracking tools.
- Standardized terminology and data collection are crucial for accurate PSC assessment and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the incidence and types of peristomal skin complications observed by WOC nurses over a one-year period.
- To utilize a standardized data collection tool and WOCN Society terminology for PSC assessment.
- To establish a baseline understanding of PSCs in a defined patient population.
Main Methods:
- A prospective research design was employed to collect data on PSCs in ostomy patients within two months of surgery.
- WOC nurses completed a standardized complication form for all seen ostomy patients, irrespective of complication status.
- Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the collected data.
Main Results:
- Out of 89 patients, 42 (47%) experienced peristomal skin complications.
- The most frequent complication was chemical damage (irritant dermatitis) affecting 31 patients.
- Other reported complications included mechanical injury (5), Candida infections (4), allergic reactions (1), and pyoderma gangrenosum (1).
Conclusions:
- Limited research exists on peristomal skin complications across diverse settings and over time.
- A centralized data repository employing standardized tools is recommended for monitoring PSCs.
- This approach can facilitate the development and implementation of evidence-based peristomal skin care strategies.
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An ostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening from the intestines to the outside of the body, allowing for the rerouting of effluent. This opening is known as a stoma. A stoma usually protrudes above the skin surface, appearing pink or red, moist, and round, and it lacks nerve sensations.
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