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Related Concept Videos

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions01:24

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Drug toxicities can be stratified into pharmacological, pathological, or genotoxic based on their mechanisms. The incidence and severity of these toxicities generally increase with the drug's concentration in the body and exposure time.Pharmacological toxicity is evident when the therapeutic effects of drugs overshoot into adverse reactions in a predictable, dose-dependent manner. Central nervous system (CNS) depression from barbiturates is a classic example, with effects escalating from...
Toxic Reactions: Overview01:26

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When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
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Glaucoma: Overview01:25

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Evaluating Therapeutic and Chemical Toxicity Using Organ-Cultured Porcine Corneas and Epithelial Wound Healing
03:57

Evaluating Therapeutic and Chemical Toxicity Using Organ-Cultured Porcine Corneas and Epithelial Wound Healing

Published on: January 10, 2025

Over-Treated Corneal Abscess May Be Toxic Keratopathy.

P Rubino1, J G Orsoni, A Rampini

  • 1Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

Case Reports in Ophthalmology
|August 26, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Suspected fungal keratitis unresponsive to treatment may actually be toxic keratopathy from over-treatment. Discontinuing unnecessary antimicrobial drops improved the patient's corneal abscess.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Long-standing keratitis unresponsive to antimicrobials often raises suspicion for fungal infection.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing corneal diseases.

Observation:

  • A 65-year-old male diabetic patient presented with a corneal abscess unresponsive to 6 weeks of antibiotic and antifungal therapy.
  • Corneal biopsy was performed after a 72-hour washout period to identify potential bacterial or fungal pathogens.

Findings:

  • No bacteria or fungi were cultured from the corneal biopsy.
  • Discontinuation of previous topical treatments and maintenance with preservative-free artificial tears led to significant clinical improvement within 2 weeks.

Implications:

  • Over-treatment of corneal conditions, particularly with empirical antifungal agents, can lead to iatrogenic toxic keratopathy.
  • Careful evaluation and de-escalation of treatment are essential when corneal conditions fail to respond as expected.