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Formation of Covalent DNA Adducts by Enzymatically Activated Carcinogens and Drugs In Vitro and Their Determination by 32P-postlabeling
Published on: March 20, 2018
Environmental nitration processes enhance the mutagenic potency of aromatic compounds
Aurélie Bonnefoy1, Serge Chiron, Alain Botta
1Laboratoire de Biogénotoxicologie et Mutagénèse Environnementale, EA 1784/FR 3098 ECCOREV, Faculté de Médecine, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France. aurelie.bonnefoy@univmed.fr
Aromatic nitration processes increase genotoxicity and mutagenicity. Nitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental hazards, with 1-nitropyrene (1-NPy) and 1,8-dinitropyrene (1,8-DNPy) identified as potential human carcinogens.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Toxicology
- Chemical Mutagenesis
- Carcinogenesis
Background:
- Aromatic nitration is a common industrial process.
- The genotoxic and mutagenic potential of nitrated aromatic compounds requires thorough investigation.
- Nitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are prevalent in environmental pollutants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if aromatic nitration processes increase genotoxicity.
- To evaluate the mutagenic and genotoxic effects of various nitrated aromatic compounds.
- To identify potential human carcinogens among nitro-PAHs.
Main Methods:
- Mutagenic activity assessed using the umuC test with and without S9 metabolic activation.
- Genotoxic effects evaluated using the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay.
- Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with pan-centromeric DNA probes on human lymphocytes used to detect chromosomal damage.
Main Results:
- Nitro-PAHs are confirmed environmental genotoxic and mutagenic hazards.
- Aromatic nitration reactions demonstrably increase genotoxicity and mutagenicity.
- 1-Nitropyrene (1-NPy) and 1,8-dinitropyrene (1,8-DNPy) show significant potential for human carcinogenicity.
Conclusions:
- Nitro-PAHs are significant environmental hazards, particularly in traffic emissions and industrial settings.
- 1-NPy and 1,8-DNPy serve as crucial markers for genotoxicity, mutagenicity, and potential carcinogenicity in complex PAH mixtures.
- Systematic analysis of 1-NPy and 1,8-DNPy, alongside combined umuC, CBMN, and FISH assays, is essential for preventing environmental carcinogenic risks.
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