Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules

Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules

Microtubules are dynamic structures and can be regulated by microtubule targeting agents (MTAs). Microtubule destabilizing drugs are a class of MTAs that destabilize and prevent microtubules' polymerization. Both natural and synthetic chemicals can be found under this class of drugs. Vincristine and vinblastine, two vinca alkaloids, and colchicine were among the first to be discovered. These drugs can affect cells in various ways, either by inducing a change in cell morphology, preventing...

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...

Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules

Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules

Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira),...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Neutrophilic leukemoid reaction with extended fibrosis due to ectopic G-CSF production.

Blood·2019

Same author

Proposals for revised IWG 2018 hematological response criteria in patients with MDS included in clinical trials.

Blood·2018

Same author

Validation of the revised IPSS at transplant in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome/transformed acute myelogenous leukemia receiving allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a retrospective analysis of the EBMT chronic malignancies working party.

Bone marrow transplantation·2017

Same author

Bortezomib before and after high-dose therapy in myeloma: long-term results from the phase III HOVON-65/GMMG-HD4 trial.

Leukemia·2017

Same author

In search of the optimal platform for Post-Allogeneic SCT immunotherapy in relapsed multiple myeloma: a systematic review.

Bone marrow transplantation·2017

Same author

Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant in patients with lower risk myelodysplastic syndrome: a retrospective analysis on behalf of the Chronic Malignancy Working Party of the EBMT.

Bone marrow transplantation·2017

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs

Published on: May 15, 2019

Thalidomide and lenalidomide in primary myelofibrosis.

N Holle¹, T de Witte, C Mandigers

¹Department of Hematology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

The Netherlands Journal of Medicine

|August 27, 2010

Summary

Lenalidomide shows higher efficacy and better tolerability than thalidomide for treating primary myelofibrosis, potentially normalizing hemoglobin and reducing transfusion dependence.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs

Published on: May 15, 2019

Area of Science:

Hematology
Oncology
Stem Cell Biology

Background:

Primary myelofibrosis is a stem cell disorder causing bone marrow fibrosis and cytopenia.
Current treatments for cytopenia are mainly supportive.
JAK-2 mutations and cytokine dysregulation are key to the disease's etiology.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of thalidomide and lenalidomide in patients with primary myelofibrosis.
To compare the outcomes of lenalidomide versus thalidomide treatment.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 14 patients treated with thalidomide and 7 with lenalidomide.
Assessment of clinical improvement, cytopenia reduction, and toxicity profiles.
Lenalidomide was administered to some patients after thalidomide failure.

Main Results:

Thalidomide improved symptoms in 6/14 patients but was limited by toxicity (neuropathy).
Lenalidomide was effective in 4/7 patients, including some refractory to thalidomide.
Lenalidomide demonstrated a more favorable toxicity profile and longer treatment duration.

Conclusions:

Lenalidomide is preferred over thalidomide for primary myelofibrosis due to superior response rates and tolerability.
Prednisone addition may benefit non-responders to lenalidomide.
Lenalidomide can improve hemoglobin levels and reduce transfusion needs.