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Antibiotics as biological response modifiers.

R E Ritts1

  • 1Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.

The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
|November 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Infections and antibiotics significantly modulate the immune system. Antibiotics can be developed to enhance immune responses like phagocytosis and reduce harmful inflammatory factors, aiding in treating complex infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Infections profoundly alter immune homeostasis.
  • Antibiotics, while targeting pathogens, can also influence immune responses.
  • Biological response modifying (BRM) activity is observed in both infection and antibiotic treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the immunomodulatory roles of infections and antibiotics.
  • To explore desirable immunomodulatory activities for antibiotics.
  • To present in-vitro data on a specific antibiotic's immunomodulatory potential.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of infection and antibiotic immunomodulation.
  • Analysis of potential antibiotic mechanisms for immune enhancement.
  • In-vitro experiments with cefodizime and human monocytes.

Main Results:

  • Infections and antibiotics act as potent immunomodulators.
  • Desired antibiotic activities include enhancing phagocytosis and inactivating lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
  • Cefodizime demonstrated the ability to down-regulate tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) release.

Conclusions:

  • Antibiotics can be designed for dual roles: antimicrobial and immunomodulatory.
  • Targeting immune pathways offers therapeutic potential beyond direct pathogen killing.
  • Further research into immunomodulating antibiotics is warranted for complex diseases.

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