Response of the human eye to accidental exposure to sodium hypochlorite

Sodium hypochlorite is used in endodontic therapy as an intracanal irrigant during hand, mechanical, and ultrasonic instrumentation of the root canal space. Regardless of the technique utilized, particular attention must be given to the appropriate and safe use of this chemical solution. A case is presented in which a 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution was accidentally splashed in a patient's eyes during endodontic therapy. Ocular irrigation was performed immediately and continued for 10 min. The patient was promptly taken to an ophthalmologist for further treatment and follow-up. When chemical trauma of the eye by sodium hypochlorite solution is sustained, the entire surface of the affected eye(s) and the fornices must be thoroughly irrigated. This is best accomplished with a continuous stream of normal saline from a 1-I bag which is attached to an intravenous line with a 16-gauge Teflon catheter placement sleeve affixed to the distal end of the line. Arrangements must then be made for immediate evaluation, treatment, and consultation by an ophthalmologist.