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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme Kinetics01:19

Enzyme Kinetics

Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
SN2 Reaction: Kinetics02:14

SN2 Reaction: Kinetics

Kinetic Studies and Significance
In a chemical reaction, a relationship exists between the concentration of reactants and the rate at which the reaction proceeds. The study to measure this relationship is known as the kinetics of a chemical reaction. Kinetic studies are used to deduce the rate law of a chemical reaction, which provides information about the species involved during the transition state of the rate-determining step. Thus, kinetic studies help to derive the mechanism of a reaction.
SN1 Reaction: Kinetics02:05

SN1 Reaction: Kinetics

In an SN2 reaction, the reaction rate depends on both the type of nucleophile and the substrate. A hindered tertiary alkyl halide is practically inert to the SN2 mechanism despite using a strong nucleophile.
However, Sir Christopher Ingold and Edward D. Hughes, who studied the kinetics of various nucleophilic substitution reactions, noticed that a tertiary alkyl halide does undergo a nucleophilic substitution reaction in the presence of a weak nucleophile. While studying the substitution...
Introduction to Enzyme Kinetics01:19

Introduction to Enzyme Kinetics

Enzyme kinetics studies the rates of biochemical reactions. Scientists monitor the reaction rates for a particular enzymatic reaction at various substrate concentrations. Additional trials with inhibitors or other molecules that affect the reaction rate may also be performed.
The experimenter can then plot the initial reaction rate or velocity (Vo) of a given trial against the substrate concentration ([S]) to obtain a graph of the reaction properties. For many enzymatic reactions involving a...
Depolarizing Blockers: Pharmocokinetics01:19

Depolarizing Blockers: Pharmocokinetics

Depolarizing blockers are administered through intravenous injection. Succinylcholine is the most common choice of depolarizing blockers in emergency clinical practices. Although they have a rapid onset, they readily diffuse away from the motor end plate into the extracellular fluid. They are metabolized by enzymes such as liver butyrylcholinesterase and plasma pseudocholinesterases. This produces a short duration of action, typically 5-10 minutes long, unlike nondepolarizing blockers, which...
Elimination Kinetics: First-Order and Zero-Order01:05

Elimination Kinetics: First-Order and Zero-Order

Eliminating drugs from the body is a vital process that occurs through excretion or metabolism. Understanding the kinetics of drug elimination is crucial for drug development, dosage determination, and optimizing patient outcomes.
Drug clearance depends on the rate of drug elimination and its plasma concentration. Another important parameter is a drug's half-life, which is the time required for its concentration to decrease by half. In most cases, drug clearance follows first-order kinetics,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Steady-state, Pre-steady-state, and Single-turnover Kinetic Measurement for DNA Glycosylase Activity
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Steady-state, Pre-steady-state, and Single-turnover Kinetic Measurement for DNA Glycosylase Activity

Published on: August 19, 2013

Kinetics of suicide substrates.

Z X Wang1

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology, Institute of Biophysics, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China.

Journal of Theoretical Biology
|December 21, 1990
PubMed
Summary

This study refines suicide substrate kinetics by incorporating enzyme intermediates and products. A new plotting method aids in determining kinetic parameters for enzyme mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology
  • Chemical Kinetics

Background:

  • Previous studies by Walsh et al., Waley, and Tatsunami et al. investigated suicide substrate kinetics.
  • These earlier models did not account for enzyme reaction intermediates and products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive more comprehensive equations for suicide substrate kinetics.
  • To develop a plotting method for determining kinetic parameters.
  • To explore the utility of suicide substrates in elucidating enzyme-catalyzed reaction intermediate formation.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of new kinetic equations for suicide substrates.
  • Development of a graphical plotting method for parameter estimation.

Main Results:

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Unraveling Entropic Rate Acceleration Induced by Solvent Dynamics in Membrane Enzymes
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  • New equations were derived that offer a more realistic model for suicide substrate kinetics.
  • The proposed plotting method allows for the determination of key kinetic parameters.
  • Demonstrated the potential of suicide substrates for mechanistic studies.

Conclusions:

  • The refined kinetic model provides a better understanding of suicide substrate behavior.
  • The developed plotting method is a valuable tool for enzyme kinetics research.
  • Suicide substrates can be effectively employed to investigate the formation mechanisms of enzyme intermediates.