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Related Experiment Videos

Toad urinary bladder as a model for studying transepithelial sodium transport.

M M Civan, H Garty

    Methods in Enzymology
    |January 1, 1990
    PubMed
    Summary

    Investigating sodium ion transport in toad bladder and frog skin models, this study highlights short circuit current (ISC) for flux measurement. It details methods for analyzing intracellular conditions and apical membrane regulation of sodium transport.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Biophysics
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Sodium ion transport is crucial for tight epithelia function.
    • Toad urinary bladder and frog skin are established model systems for studying this transport.
    • Short circuit current (ISC) measurement offers a precise method for assessing net transepithelial sodium flux.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review and detail methodologies for studying sodium transport across tight epithelia.
    • To compare the advantages and limitations of toad bladder and frog skin as model systems.
    • To discuss techniques for analyzing the forces driving sodium movement and its regulation at the apical membrane.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing short circuit current (ISC) to measure net transepithelial sodium (Na+) flux.

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  • Employing biophysical techniques to measure intracellular potential and ionic composition.
  • Preparing and analyzing isolated sodium channels in membrane vesicles.

    • Main Results:

    • Short circuit current (ISC) provides a simple, precise, and instantaneous measure of net transepithelial Na+ flux.
    • Frog skin is more amenable to intracellular measurements than toad bladder.
    • Toad bladder is more suitable for preparing membrane vesicles to study apical Na+ channels.

    Conclusions:

    • Both toad bladder and frog skin are valuable models for studying epithelial sodium transport, each with specific strengths.
    • Understanding intracellular dynamics and apical membrane regulation is key to characterizing sodium transport.
    • Membrane vesicle studies offer insights into the regulation of sodium channels, but require careful consideration of potential limitations.