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Hypercalcemia in pulmonary tuberculosis.

L Lind1, S Ljunghall

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Tuberculosis can cause hypercalcemia (high blood calcium) due to increased active vitamin D production. Successful treatment normalized calcium levels in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) can disrupt calcium metabolism.
  • Enhanced active vitamin D production is a key mechanism.
  • Hypercalcemia is a potential complication of active TB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of hypercalcemia in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis.
  • To investigate the relationship between TB and serum calcium levels.
  • To assess the effect of TB treatment on calcium levels.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 67 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis over a ten-year period.
  • Comparison of serum calcium concentrations on admission with healthy controls.
  • Monitoring of serum calcium levels after one year of tuberculostatic treatment.

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Main Results:

  • Mean serum calcium on admission was significantly higher in TB patients than in controls (2.51 +/- 0.16 vs 2.43 +/- 0.07 mmol/l, p < 0.001).
  • Hypercalcemia was present in 25% of the studied patients.
  • Serum calcium levels normalized after one year of successful TB treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Active pulmonary tuberculosis is associated with a significant incidence of hypercalcemia.
  • Hypercalcemia in TB patients is likely linked to enhanced vitamin D activity.
  • Effective tuberculostatic treatment resolves hypercalcemia, normalizing calcium metabolism.