[Cefixime treatment in different bacterial infections in the ENT region]

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology
• Infectious Diseases
• Otolaryngology

Background:

• Ear, nose, and throat (ENT) infections are common, necessitating effective antibiotic treatments.
• Oral cephalosporins are widely used, but newer agents with improved efficacy and safety profiles are continually sought.
• Cefixime represents a novel oral cephalosporin with potential advantages in treating bacterial infections.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerance of cefixime in patients with ENT infections.
• To assess the in vitro activity of cefixime against common gram-negative pathogens.
• To compare the clinical outcomes and safety profile of cefixime with existing oral cephalosporins.

Main Methods:

• An open, uncontrolled clinical trial was conducted involving 37 patients with ENT infections.
• Patients received cefixime 200 mg twice daily for 5 to 12 days.
• Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC90) values were determined for gram-negative pathogens; clinical outcomes and adverse events were recorded.

Main Results:

• Cefixime exhibited strong in vitro activity against gram-negative pathogens (MIC90 < 1 mg/l), outperforming other oral cephalosporins.
• A high clinical success rate of 91.7% was observed, with 33 of 36 patients showing cure or improvement.
• Bacterial eradication was achieved in 76.5% of patients with isolated causative organisms.
• The drug was generally well-tolerated, with adverse effects comparable to other oral cephalosporins; one case of perioral dermatitis led to discontinuation.

Conclusions:

• Cefixime is a clinically effective and well-tolerated oral antibiotic for treating ENT infections.
• Its potent antibacterial activity against gram-negative pathogens makes it a valuable therapeutic option.
• Cefixime offers a favorable efficacy and safety profile comparable to existing oral cephalosporins.