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Related Concept Videos

Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow glass...
Selectins01:25

Selectins

Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Adherens Junctions01:24

Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
The endothelial cells...
Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved in a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

A Flow Cytometry-Based Cell Surface Protein Binding Assay for Assessing Selectivity and Specificity of an Anticancer Aptamer
10:46

A Flow Cytometry-Based Cell Surface Protein Binding Assay for Assessing Selectivity and Specificity of an Anticancer Aptamer

Published on: September 13, 2022

Adhesion through single peptide aptamers.

Marie-Eve Aubin-Tam1, David C Appleyard, Enrico Ferrari

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. A
|August 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Peptide aptamers and antibodies show load-dependent binding, with aptamers outperforming antibodies at low forces. This research advances understanding of molecular interactions for engineered biological systems.

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Mapping the Binding Site of an Aptamer on ATP Using MicroScale Thermophoresis
08:09

Mapping the Binding Site of an Aptamer on ATP Using MicroScale Thermophoresis

Published on: January 7, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Molecular Engineering
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Aptamer and antibody interactions are crucial for biological processes and lab-on-a-chip devices.
  • Understanding the mechanics of these noncovalent interactions is essential for optimizing their use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure and compare the single-molecule force spectroscopy of peptide aptamers and an antibody.
  • To analyze the load-dependent binding characteristics of these biomolecular interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Single molecule force spectroscopy using optical tweezers.
  • Analysis of unbinding histogram data with three single molecule pulling models.
  • Characterization of peptide aptamers selected for glass, polystyrene, and carbon nanotubes.

Main Results:

  • Peptide aptamers exhibited stronger adhesion than the fluorescein antibody at low force conditions.
  • Antibodies demonstrated superior adhesion compared to aptamers at forces exceeding approximately 25 pN.
  • Extracted parameters include bond lifetime, barrier width, and free energy of activation.

Conclusions:

  • The binding strength of aptamers and antibodies is highly dependent on applied load.
  • These findings provide insights into the design of biomolecular linkages for engineered systems and biological applications.