Steady-state levels of 7-methylguanine increase in nuclear DNA of postmitotic mouse tissues during aging

The major DNA product formed by methylating agents in vitro and in vivo is 7-methylguanine (m7Gua). In untreated rodent genomes, this damage is thought to arise as a consequence of endogenous processes. Using 2 independent HPLC systems and 2 methods of detection, we observed that low levels of m7Gua are present in nuclear DNA of normal 23-month-old postmitotic mouse tissues. We then asked whether the steady-state levels of indigenous m7Gua change as a function of age in these tissues. C57BL/6NNia male mice 11 months, 23 months, and 28 months of age were analyzed. The results showed that in nuclear DNA of brain, liver, and kidney tissues, the steady-state levels of m7Gua increased approximately 2-fold between the young and old age groups. The persistence of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced m7Gua in these tissues in treated animals was also studied. Following a 25 mg MNU/kg body weight dose, administered by the intraperitoneal route, m7Gua appeared to be at least partially persistent for a period of up to 20 days. The degree of persistence of m7Gua, however, appeared to be independent of tissue or age. Since m7Gua has intrinsic mutagenic potential and the content of m7Gua is generally a good indicator of overall alkylation damage to DNA, an age-related increase in the steady-state amounts of m7Gua may be relevant to basic mechanisms of aging and carcinogenesis.