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Sensing refractive-turbulence profiles (C(n)(2)) using wave front phase measurements from multiple reference sources.

|August 31, 2010

Summary

A novel wave front sensing technique measures refractive turbulence by correlating phase data from two reference sources. This method provides a new way to determine the refractive-index structure constant, C(n)(2), with high resolution.

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Area of Science:

Atmospheric optics
Wave propagation
Optical sensing

Background:

Refractive turbulence significantly impacts optical systems.
Accurate measurement of refractive-turbulence profiles is crucial for adaptive optics and remote sensing.
Existing methods often rely on optical scintillations, which have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and validate a new technique for sensing refractive-turbulence profiles.
To utilize wave front phase correlation for measuring refractive-index fluctuations.
To achieve high-resolution vertical profiling of the structure constant C(n)(2).

Main Methods:

Employing spatial correlation of measured wave front phase from two reference sources.
Arranging optical paths to intersect in front of wave front sensor apertures.

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Reconstructing wave front phase from sensor data and performing spatial correlation of phase maps.

Main Results:

Successfully extracted a measure of the structure constant of refractive-index fluctuations, C(n)(2).
Demonstrated that resolution depends on source angle, sensor frequency response, and aperture size.
Achieved 100 m resolution for vertical C(n)(2) profiling using sources separated by 1.15 degrees.

Conclusions:

The described wave front phase correlation technique offers a unique and effective method for refractive-turbulence profiling.
This approach provides an alternative to scintillation-based methods with potential for improved accuracy and resolution.
The technique is suitable for applications requiring detailed atmospheric refractive-index information.