Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Measurement of Fluid Pressure01:16

Measurement of Fluid Pressure

Fluid pressure is commonly measured using devices called manometers, which rely on liquid columns to indicate pressure differences. The height of a liquid column in a manometer reflects the pressure exerted by the fluid, providing a simple yet effective means of measurement. Different types of manometers serve specific purposes based on their configurations and the type of fluids involved.
A basic form of manometer is the piezometer, a vertical tube open at the top and filled with the same...
Characteristics of Fluids01:20

Characteristics of Fluids

When a force is applied parallel to the top surface of a solid, it resists the applied force due to the internal frictional forces between the layers of the solid known as shearing resistance. However, when the force is removed, the shearing forces restore the original shape of the solid. Other deformation forces also cause temporary changes in shape if the forces are not beyond a threshold magnitude. Solids tend to retain their shape, making the study of their rest and motion easier. Beyond...
Characteristics of Fluids01:31

Characteristics of Fluids

Fluids differ from solids primarily in their molecular structure and stress response. Solids have tightly packed molecules with strong intermolecular forces, maintaining their shape and resisting deformation. In contrast, fluids have molecules spaced farther apart with weaker forces, allowing them to flow and deform easily.
Fluids, which include both liquids and gases, are substances that deform continuously under shearing stress. For example, water and oil are liquids with molecules that can...
Regulation of Stroke Volume01:27

Regulation of Stroke Volume

The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...
Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate

Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume01:11

Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume

Cardiac output (CO) is an integral aspect of human physiology, reflecting the heart's efficiency and responsiveness to the body's needs. It represents the volume of blood that the left or right ventricle ejects into the aorta or pulmonary trunk each minute. The CO is calculated by multiplying the heart rate (HR)—the number of heartbeats per minute—by the stroke volume (SV)—the amount of blood pumped out with each heartbeat.
In an average resting adult male, the typical cardiac output averages...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Gender differences in cancer care experiences in Switzerland: a multicentre cross-sectional study.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Revue medicale suisse·2026
Same author

[Sex, gender, and evidence-based medicine : how to close research gaps ?]

Revue medicale suisse·2026
Same author

Need-standardised comparisons must not become a barrier to recognising and addressing sex and gender disparities in major trauma care.

Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine·2026
Same author

Pharmacologic Thromboprophylaxis in Medical Inpatients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

JAMA network open·2026
Same author

The ICARUS project: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial Investigating aCute heArt failuRe decongestion guided by lung UltraSonography.

Trials·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction
08:35

Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

Published on: August 17, 2022

ScvO(2) as a marker to define fluid responsiveness.

Raphael Giraud1, Nils Siegenthaler, Angèle Gayet-Ageron

  • 1Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland.

The Journal of Trauma
|September 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Central venous oxygen saturation variations (ΔScvO(2)) after volume expansion (VE) can effectively identify fluid responders in critically ill patients. This method offers a reliable alternative to invasive cardiac index measurements for assessing fluid responsiveness.

More Related Videos

Continuous Venous-Arterial Doppler Ultrasound During a Preload Challenge
09:32

Continuous Venous-Arterial Doppler Ultrasound During a Preload Challenge

Published on: January 20, 2023

Non-Invasive Monitoring of Microvascular Oxygenation and Reactive Hyperemia using Hybrid, Near-Infrared Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy for Critical Care
14:28

Non-Invasive Monitoring of Microvascular Oxygenation and Reactive Hyperemia using Hybrid, Near-Infrared Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy for Critical Care

Published on: May 10, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction
08:35

Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

Published on: August 17, 2022

Continuous Venous-Arterial Doppler Ultrasound During a Preload Challenge
09:32

Continuous Venous-Arterial Doppler Ultrasound During a Preload Challenge

Published on: January 20, 2023

Non-Invasive Monitoring of Microvascular Oxygenation and Reactive Hyperemia using Hybrid, Near-Infrared Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy for Critical Care
14:28

Non-Invasive Monitoring of Microvascular Oxygenation and Reactive Hyperemia using Hybrid, Near-Infrared Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy for Critical Care

Published on: May 10, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Hemodynamics
  • Fluid Responsiveness Assessment

Background:

  • Assessing hemodynamic response to volume expansion (VE) is crucial for shocked, critically ill patients.
  • Cardiac index (CI) is a standard but invasive measure for this assessment.
  • An alternative, less invasive method is needed to guide fluid therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate central venous oxygen saturation variations (ΔScvO(2)) as an alternative to CI for classifying fluid responders (R) and nonresponders (NR) after VE.
  • To determine the efficacy of ΔScvO(2) in predicting fluid responsiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 30 critically ill patients undergoing VE.
  • Invasive monitoring of cardiac index (CI), mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO(2)), and central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO(2)) before and after VE.
  • Analysis of variations (Δ) in CI, SvO(2), and ScvO(2) using linear regression and ROC curve analysis.

Main Results:

  • ΔScvO(2) and ΔSvO(2) showed significant correlation with changes in cardiac index (ΔCI) after VE (r=0.67 and r=0.49, p<0.001).
  • A ΔScvO(2) threshold of 4% demonstrated 86% sensitivity and 81% specificity in distinguishing fluid responders from nonresponders.
  • These findings suggest ΔScvO(2) is a strong predictor of fluid responsiveness.

Conclusions:

  • Central venous oxygen saturation variations (ΔScvO(2)) effectively categorize patients' response to volume expansion.
  • ΔScvO(2) serves as a valuable, non-invasive alternative marker for assessing fluid responsiveness.
  • This approach can guide fluid therapy decisions in critically ill patients lacking invasive CI monitoring.