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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Actin01:26

Introduction to Actin

Actin is a highly conserved cytoskeletal protein found abundantly in eukaryotic cells. It constitutes 10% weight of the total cellular protein in muscle cells, while in non-muscle cells, it is lower and makes up around 1–5 percent of the total cell protein. Actin found in the unicellular amoebae and complex multicellular animals is around 80% similar, demonstrating their conservation over a billion years of evolution.  Actin coding genes are conserved within species and across different species.
Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors01:22

Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors

Antiviral Nucleoside InhibitorsAntiviral nucleoside inhibitors are structural analogs of natural nucleosides that interfere with viral DNA or RNA synthesis. These compounds selectively target viral polymerases due to their resemblance to host nucleosides, thereby disrupting viral genome replication.Mechanism of Acyclovir ActionAcyclovir is a guanosine analog with a three-carbon acyclic side chain. It selectively targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2),...
Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules01:10

Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules

Microtubules are dynamic structures and can be regulated by microtubule targeting agents (MTAs). Microtubule destabilizing drugs are a class of MTAs that destabilize and prevent microtubules' polymerization. Both natural and synthetic chemicals can be found under this class of drugs. Vincristine and vinblastine, two vinca alkaloids, and colchicine were among the first to be discovered. These drugs can affect cells in various ways, either by inducing a change in cell morphology, preventing...
Targets for Drug Action: Overview01:26

Targets for Drug Action: Overview

Drugs target macromolecules to modify ongoing cellular processes. Primary drug targets include receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes.
Receptors are either membrane-spanning or intracellular proteins, which upon binding a ligand, get activated and transmit the signal downstream to elicit a response. Drugs bind receptors, either mimicking the action of endogenous ligands or blocking the receptor activity to bring about a modified response. Nearly 35% of approved drugs target the G...
Actin Filament Depolymerization01:19

Actin Filament Depolymerization

Actin filaments (F-actin) are composed of actin subunits. The dissociation of actin monomers can occur from either end of F-actin. The rate of dissociation is faster from the minus-end or the pointed end, where the actin subunits exist with a bound ADP, together known as ADP-actin. The depolymerization of F-actin is aided by proteins, including the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) and cofilin family of proteins, gelsolin, and glia maturation factor (GMF).
In F-actin, the ADF/cofilin proteins...
Actin Polymerization01:42

Actin Polymerization

Actin polymerization occurs through the head-to-tail association of binding sites on monomeric actin or G-actin to form filamentous or F-actin. The polymerization can be divided into three phases ̶  nucleation, elongation, and steady-state phase.
The nucleation phase involves forming a stable nucleus consisting of three actin monomers to form a new actin filament. Actin-binding proteins such as formins and Arp2/3 complex help filament growth post-nucleation. The Formins form straight actin...

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Updated: Jun 9, 2026

A Semi-High-Throughput Adaptation of the NADH-Coupled ATPase Assay for Screening Small Molecule Inhibitors
10:28

A Semi-High-Throughput Adaptation of the NADH-Coupled ATPase Assay for Screening Small Molecule Inhibitors

Published on: August 17, 2019

Actin as a potential target for decavanadate.

Susana Ramos1, José J G Moura, Manuel Aureliano

  • 1DCBB-FCT and CCMar, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry
|September 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) prevents decavanadate-induced changes in actin, indicating decavanadate affects actin

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Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

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Initial Evaluation of Antibody-conjugates Modified with Viral-derived Peptides for Increasing Cellular Accumulation and Improving Tumor Targeting
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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Protein Chemistry

Background:

  • Actin is a crucial protein for cell structure and motility.
  • Vanadate compounds are known to interact with various proteins.
  • The specific interaction between decavanadate and actin remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between decavanadate and globular actin (G-actin).
  • To determine the effect of decavanadate on actin's ATP binding site and conformation.
  • To elucidate the role of ATP in modulating decavanadate-actin interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Spectroscopic analysis (fluorescence intensity) to detect conformational changes.
  • Measurement of ATP exchange rates to assess binding site dynamics.
  • Determination of apparent dissociation constants (k(dapp)) for decavanadate-actin binding.
  • Titration experiments to quantify changes in hydrophobic surface exposure.

Main Results:

  • Decavanadate induces G-actin cysteine oxidation and vanadate reduction, which ATP prevents.
  • Decavanadate significantly increases the ATP exchange rate on actin.
  • Decavanadate causes conformational changes in G-actin, increasing its hydrophobic surface.
  • Decavanadate exhibits a higher affinity for actin compared to monomeric vanadate.

Conclusions:

  • Actin is a novel target for decavanadate.
  • Decavanadate binding to actin's ATP site leads to conformational changes and inactivation.
  • ATP binding to actin modulates the interaction with decavanadate.
  • Decavanadate-actin interactions may partially explain the biological effects of vanadate.