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Updated: Jun 9, 2026

In Vitro Evaluation of The Effects Of Er,Cr:YSGG and Diode Lasers Used on Titanium Cylinder

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Titanium, sinusitis, and the yellow nail syndrome.

Fredrik Berglund¹, Björn Carlmark

¹fred.berglund@swipnet.se

Biological Trace Element Research

|September 3, 2010

Summary

Titanium exposure, from implants or other sources, is identified as the cause of yellow nail syndrome. Removing titanium exposure leads to recovery, with symptoms recurring upon re-exposure.

Area of Science:

Environmental Medicine
Dermatology
Toxicology

Background:

Yellow nail syndrome presents with characteristic nail changes, respiratory issues, and lymphedema.
Previous observations linked titanium in nail clippings to a patient with yellow nail syndrome and dental gold.
The potential role of titanium in the etiology of yellow nail syndrome requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the hypothesis that titanium exposure contributes to the development of yellow nail syndrome.
To identify sources of titanium exposure in patients diagnosed with yellow nail syndrome.

Main Methods:

Analysis of nail clippings from patients with yellow nail syndrome features using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF).
Comparison of titanium levels in nail clippings between patients and control subjects.

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Clinical assessment of symptoms and patient history regarding titanium exposure sources.

Main Results:

Elevated levels of titanium were consistently detected in the fingernails of patients with yellow nail syndrome, but not in controls.
Common sources of titanium included dental implants, skeletal implants, and titanium dioxide in pharmaceuticals and confectionary.
Cessation of titanium exposure resulted in symptom resolution, with recurrence upon re-exposure.

Conclusions:

Titanium exposure is identified as a causative factor in yellow nail syndrome.
Galvanic interactions (e.g., with dental gold) and oxidative processes can release titanium ions from implants.
Management of yellow nail syndrome should include identifying and eliminating titanium exposure.