Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the brain can only use...
Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Organization of the Brain01:30

Organization of the Brain

The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are themselves.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sex differences in activations to the sight of faces, scenes, body parts and tools in visual and non-visual cortical regions leading to the human hippocampus.

Biology of sex differences·2026
Same author

Visual Cortical Lateralization in Activations and Functional Connectivity to the Sight of Faces, Scenes, Body Parts, and Tools.

Human brain mapping·2026
Same author

Value coding by primate amygdala neurons complies with the continuity axiom of economic choice theory.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same author

Invariant visual object and face learning in the ventral cortical visual pathway: A biologically plausible model.

PLoS computational biology·2026
Same author

Hippocampal Revolutions.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2025
Same author

Reward-specific satiety and reward-specific motivation: neural bases and significance.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2025
Same journal

Deep Learning Reveals Cross-Modal Neural Representations of Auditory and Visual Mental Imagery in MEG.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

Speech sensorimotor adaptation in young adult cochlear implant users with early implantation.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

How Visual Context Influences Lateral Stepping Regulation While Walking on Winding Paths.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

Simultaneous neuron evidence for much higher covariation with saccadic reaction time of superior colliculus than primary visual cortex visual responses.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

Separate Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Regions Participate in Distinct Large-Scale Networks Differentially Recruited for Social and Cognitive Control Functions.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

Comprehensive Analysis of Auditory Nerve Fiber Responses using Fiber-Specific Modeling.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Decision-making, errors, and confidence in the brain.

Edmund T Rolls1, Fabian Grabenhorst, Gustavo Deco

  • 1Oxford Centre for Computational Neuroscience, Oxford, UK. Edmund.Rolls@oxcns.org

Journal of Neurophysiology
|September 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models decision-making using neuronal networks, predicting brain activity patterns. Findings show brain responses correlate with decision accuracy and confidence, offering insights into neural processes.

More Related Videos

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
07:07

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Published on: June 5, 2016

The Dig Task: A Simple Scent Discrimination Reveals Deficits Following Frontal Brain Damage
11:16

The Dig Task: A Simple Scent Discrimination Reveals Deficits Following Frontal Brain Damage

Published on: January 4, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
07:07

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Published on: June 5, 2016

The Dig Task: A Simple Scent Discrimination Reveals Deficits Following Frontal Brain Damage
11:16

The Dig Task: A Simple Scent Discrimination Reveals Deficits Following Frontal Brain Damage

Published on: January 4, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Decision-making and confidence are complex cognitive functions.
  • Understanding the neural basis of these processes is crucial.
  • Neuronal noise and attractor dynamics may play a role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a neuronal spiking attractor-based model of decision-making and confidence.
  • To investigate the relationship between neuronal activity, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals, and decision accuracy.
  • To explore how decision confidence emerges from neural network dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a neuronal spiking attractor-based model.
  • fMRI study involving an olfactory decision-making task.
  • Correlation analysis between BOLD signals, discriminability (ΔI), and trial outcomes (correct/error).

Main Results:

  • The model predicts and fMRI data confirm larger BOLD responses on correct versus error trials.
  • BOLD signal linearly increases with discriminability (ΔI) on correct trials and decreases on error trials as confidence changes.
  • These effects are observed in decision-related cortical areas (medial prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex) but not in a control area (orbitofrontal cortex).

Conclusions:

  • Decision confidence is an emergent property of the neuronal attractor model.
  • Neuronal noise influences choice, confidence, and fMRI signals.
  • The study provides a unifying framework for understanding decision-making and confidence through neural dynamics and noise.