[Prostate cancer: an update]

2009 Has been a year of high profile publishing about prostate cancer (PCa): To call in the first instance the S3 guideline and the ERSPC. The ERSPC especially as the basis for that in addition to the detection of prostate cancer, the treatment must be differentiated; overtreatment in particular may be avoided through the implementation of active surveillance protocols. In radical prostatectomy (RPx), increasingly the therapeutic value of lymphadenectomy is detected. Current issues in radiation oncology concern the efficacy and indications of brachytherapy, dose escalation with external beam radiotherapy and the differential indication of adjuvant vs. salvage radiotherapy after RPx. Similarly, the indication for salvage RPx after primary radiotherapy. To mention in systemic therapy are the GnRH antagonists, the so-called super-antiandrogens and the different approaches to immunotherapy of prostate cancer.