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Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...

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Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging

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DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...

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IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies

Published on: April 12, 2017

[Renal cell carcinoma: recent developments in diagnostics and therapy].

J Bedke¹, A Stenzl

¹Klinik für Urologie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 72076 Tübingen. bedke@live.com

Der Urologe. Ausg. A

|September 3, 2010

Summary

This review covers new renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatments, including advanced imaging, nephron-sparing surgery, and novel medical therapies. It explores prognostic tools and treatment options for metastatic disease, offering insights into evolving RCC management strategies.

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Modeling Spontaneous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) in Mice Following Nephrectomy

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The Use of Reverse Phase Protein Arrays (RPPA) to Explore Protein Expression Variation within Individual Renal Cell Cancers

The Use of Reverse Phase Protein Arrays (RPPA) to Explore Protein Expression Variation within Individual Renal Cell Cancers

Published on: January 22, 2013

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Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies

Published on: April 12, 2017

Modeling Spontaneous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) in Mice Following Nephrectomy

Modeling Spontaneous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) in Mice Following Nephrectomy

Published on: April 29, 2014

The Use of Reverse Phase Protein Arrays (RPPA) to Explore Protein Expression Variation within Individual Renal Cell Cancers

The Use of Reverse Phase Protein Arrays (RPPA) to Explore Protein Expression Variation within Individual Renal Cell Cancers

Published on: January 22, 2013

Area of Science:

Urology
Oncology
Surgical Innovation

Context:

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
Accurate staging and characterization of renal masses are crucial.
Metastatic disease and secondary malignancies require careful differentiation.

Purpose:

To review contemporary strategies for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) management.
To compare nephron-sparing (NS) surgical techniques.
To discuss emerging medical treatments and immunotherapy.

Summary:

Preoperative imaging for benign/malignant renal masses and metastasis detection are discussed.
TNM system adoption for prognostic stratification is highlighted.
Laparoscopic, radiofrequency, cryoablation, and robotic-assisted (DaVinci) NS techniques are critically evaluated.
Cytoreductive surgery for metastatic disease and adjuvant immunotherapy are considered.
New medical treatments, including novel substances, vaccines, and sequential therapy, are explored.

Impact:

Provides a comprehensive overview of current and emerging RCC treatment modalities.
Facilitates informed clinical decision-making in RCC patient care.
Highlights areas for future research in renal cell carcinoma therapy.