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Related Concept Videos

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins01:21

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins

Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
Determining the Plane of Cell Division02:13

Determining the Plane of Cell Division

Positioning the cell division plane is a critical step during development and cell differentiation, particularly during mitosis when the plane is essential for determining the size of the two daughter cells. The cell division plane is perpendicular to the plane of chromosome segregation, but different types of organisms have different cell division mechanisms to suit their morphology and function. 
Animal cells
In animal cells, the cleavage furrow forms along the plane of cell division starting...
Determining the Plane of Cell Division02:13

Determining the Plane of Cell Division

Positioning the cell division plane is a critical step during development and cell differentiation, particularly during mitosis when the plane is essential for determining the size of the two daughter cells. The cell division plane is perpendicular to the plane of chromosome segregation, but different types of organisms have different cell division mechanisms to suit their morphology and function. 
Animal cells
In animal cells, the cleavage furrow forms along the plane of cell division starting...
Polarity of the Cytoskeleton01:18

Polarity of the Cytoskeleton

The intrinsic polarity of cells can be primarily attributed to two factors- i) the asymmetric accumulation of mobile components such are regulatory molecules and subcellular components across the cell and ii) the orientation of polar cytoskeletal filaments that make up the cytoskeletal networks, specifically microfilaments, and microtubules arranged along the axis of polarity. Interactions between the cytoskeletal filaments are crucial for the establishment and maintenance of the polar nature...
Mechanism of Filopodia Formation01:39

Mechanism of Filopodia Formation

Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

Cell Motility through Blebbing

Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

En Face Endocardial Cushion Preparation for Planar Morphogenesis Analysis in Mouse Embryos
08:57

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Published on: July 27, 2022

A new spin on planar cell polarity.

Patricio Olguin1, Marek Mlodzik

  • 1Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Cell
|September 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Planar cell polarity (PCP) initially orients radially in developing Drosophila wings. Mechanical forces and cell rearrangements mediated by Dachsous later realign PCP with the proximal-distal axis of tissue shape.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Cell biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Planar cell polarity (PCP) and tissue morphogenesis are intrinsically linked processes during development.
  • The precise mechanisms coordinating PCP orientation with emergent tissue architecture remain incompletely understood.

Discussion:

  • Aigouy et al. demonstrate that initial radial PCP orientation in the Drosophila wing is actively remodeled.
  • Mechanical forces and cell rearrangements, involving the Dachsous pathway, are key drivers of this PCP realignment.
  • This study elucidates how intrinsic cellular polarity becomes integrated with macroscopic tissue shape.

Key Insights:

  • Planar cell polarity (PCP) orientation is not static but dynamically regulated during organogenesis.
  • Mechanical cues and cell-cell interactions mediated by Dachsous are crucial for establishing axis alignment.

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  • The interplay between PCP and tissue shape provides insights into robust developmental patterning.

    • Outlook:

    • Further investigation into the biophysical mechanisms underlying PCP realignment.
    • Exploring the role of Dachsous and related pathways in other developmental contexts.
    • Understanding how disruptions in these processes contribute to congenital abnormalities.