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Repressed memories are a psychological phenomenon where memories of traumatic events are unconsciously blocked from a person's awareness. This process occurs as a defense mechanism, protecting the mind from the emotional impact of distressing or painful experiences. For example, a person who has experienced childhood trauma may grow up with no conscious recollection of the event. In such cases, the memories are thought to be buried deep within the subconscious, inaccessible to the conscious...

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Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder

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Psychotherapeutic options for traumatized children.

Judith A Cohen¹, Anthony P Mannarino

¹Center for Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents, Department of Psychiatry, Allegheny General Hospital, Drexel University College of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Jcohen1@wpahs.org

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

|September 4, 2010

Summary

New treatments show promise for traumatized children, effectively addressing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related issues beyond current diagnostic criteria. Evidence-based therapies target a wide range of emotional, behavioral, cognitive, and relational difficulties.

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Area of Science:

Child psychology
Trauma studies
Mental health treatment

Background:

Childhood trauma can lead to complex psychological outcomes.
Diagnostic criteria for child posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are evolving.
There is a need for treatments that address a broad spectrum of trauma-related issues.

Purpose of the Study:

To update on new treatments for traumatized children.
To examine the scope of problems addressed by current evidence-based child PTSD treatments.
To consider proposed changes in PTSD diagnostic criteria and the potential for a new developmental trauma disorder.

Main Methods:

Review of three recently completed treatment studies.
Analysis of five established evidence-based treatments for child PTSD.
Examination of treatment effectiveness across multiple domains beyond PTSD criteria.

Main Results:

Established child trauma treatments effectively resolve issues in affective, behavioral, cognitive, and relational domains.
These treatments extend beyond the current PTSD diagnostic criteria.
New treatments for childhood PTSD are promising.

Conclusions:

Current evidence-based child trauma treatments are effective for a broad range of trauma-related difficulties.
New therapeutic approaches offer promise for treating PTSD and other symptoms in children.
The findings support a broader understanding of outcomes in traumatized children.