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Related Concept Videos

Microbe-Plant Interactions01:09

Microbe-Plant Interactions

Microbe-plant interactions represent a dynamic spectrum of associations shaped by intricate chemical signaling. These interactions can be neutral, beneficial, or detrimental, and profoundly influence plant physiology, growth, and ecosystem function. The plant microbiome, comprising bacteria, fungi, archaea, protists, and viruses, plays a pivotal role in mediating these effects through surface colonization, internal colonization, or systemic symbiosis.Mutualistic associations, particularly with...
Microbial Interactions: Mutualism01:25

Microbial Interactions: Mutualism

Mutualism is a symbiotic interaction in which all participating organisms benefit. These relationships can be obligate or facultative and are fundamental to ecosystem functions across diverse biological systems.Plant–Fungi MutualismOne well-known example is the association between plant roots and mycorrhizal fungi, such as Rhizophagus species. The fungal hyphae penetrate the root hairs and the epidermis, forming an extensive hyphal network that establishes a symbiotic association. Through this...
The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition02:11

The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition

Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
Microbial Interactions: Cooperation01:26

Microbial Interactions: Cooperation

Microbial cooperation involves beneficial interactions in which different species work together for individual or mutual advantage. These interactions can profoundly influence ecological dynamics and evolutionary processes, and they are essential to many pathogenic and symbiotic relationships.Nematode–Bacteria CooperationA striking example is the relationship between the Gram-negative bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila and the parasitic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae. Juvenile nematodes...
Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores02:40

Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores

Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the biosynthesis of the...
Phagocytosis00:41

Phagocytosis

Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis ("cellular eating") is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects, such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
The objective of phagocytosis is often destruction. Cells use phagocytosis to eliminate unwelcome visitors, like pathogens (e.g., viruses and bacteria). Many immune system cells, including...

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Updated: Jun 9, 2026

A Hydroponic Co-cultivation System for Simultaneous and Systematic Analysis of Plant/Microbe Molecular Interactions and Signaling
11:16

A Hydroponic Co-cultivation System for Simultaneous and Systematic Analysis of Plant/Microbe Molecular Interactions and Signaling

Published on: July 22, 2017

Endocytosis in plant-microbe interactions.

Nathalie Leborgne-Castel1, Thibaud Adam, Karim Bouhidel

  • 1UMR Plante-Microbe-Environnement 1088 INRA/5184 CNRS/Université de Bourgogne, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France. Nathalie.Leborgne-Castel@u-bourgogne.fr

Protoplasma
|September 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Plants utilize plasma membrane dynamics and endocytosis to interact with microbes. This review explores how these processes facilitate microbe recognition, immune responses, and symbiotic colonization in plants.

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Published on: October 1, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Microbiology
  • Cell biology

Background:

  • Plants possess defense mechanisms against microbial attackers.
  • Microbes have evolved strategies to overcome plant defenses, leading to symbiosis.
  • The plant plasma membrane is vital for sensing microbes and initiating signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of endocytosis in plant-microbe interactions.
  • To explore microbe recognition, immune responses, and endosymbiont colonization.
  • To investigate endocytic pathways, particularly clathrin-mediated endocytosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of plant-microbe interactions.
  • Analysis of endocytosis mechanisms in plants.
  • Evaluation of plasma membrane microdomains and their relation to endocytosis.

Main Results:

  • Endocytosis is crucial for plant immune responses and microbial colonization.
  • Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is a key pathway for microbe entry.
  • Plasma membrane compartmentalization influences endocytic processes.

Conclusions:

  • Endocytosis plays a multifaceted role in plant-microbe communication and defense.
  • Understanding endocytic routes aids in deciphering plant immunity and symbiosis.
  • Plasma membrane dynamics are intrinsically linked to plant-microbe interactions via endocytosis.