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Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia
Published on: June 28, 2018
Ventilator-associated pneumonia: a review
Noyal Mariya Joseph1, Sujatha Sistla, Tarun Kumar Dutta
1Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India. noyaljoseph@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent intensive-care-unit (ICU)-acquired infection, with an incidence ranging from 6 to 52% [1,2,3,4]. Several studies have shown that critically ill patients are at high risk for getting such nosocomial infections [3,4]. VAP continues to be a major cause of morbidity, mortality and increased financial burden in ICUs [5,6,7,8]. Over the years there has been a significant advance in our understanding of ventilator associated pneumonia. This article reviews the various aspects of VAP such as definition, risk factors, etiological agents, diagnosis, treatment and prevention with emphasis on the recent advances.
Insights
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common ICU infection. This review covers recent advances in VAP definition, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention for critically ill patients.
Area of Science:
- Critical Care Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common intensive-care-unit (ICU)-acquired infection.
- Critically ill patients face a high risk of nosocomial infections like VAP.
- VAP significantly contributes to patient morbidity, mortality, and increased healthcare costs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).
- To highlight recent advancements in understanding and managing VAP.
- To cover key aspects including definition, risk factors, etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on VAP.
- Synthesis of current knowledge on VAP pathogenesis and epidemiology.
- Emphasis on recent research and clinical guidelines.
Main Results:
- VAP incidence varies widely (6-52%) across ICUs.
- Multiple risk factors contribute to VAP development in critically ill patients.
- Significant progress has been made in understanding VAP etiology and management.
Conclusions:
- VAP remains a critical challenge in intensive care settings.
- A thorough understanding of VAP's multifaceted aspects is essential for effective control.
- Ongoing research and updated strategies are crucial for reducing VAP's impact.
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