Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sleep continuity and stress physiology are associated with non-inflammatory variation in lymphocyte counts.

Sleep medicine·2026
Same author

Phosphoethanolamine: a translational journey from biological process and physiopathological effects to therapeutical innovation - a mini-review.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2026
Same author

Antimicrobial Peptides and Systemic Inflammation: A Network Analysis.

Immunity, inflammation and disease·2026
Same author

Cross-talk between lipopolysaccharide tolerance and AGEs in the regulation of macrophage inflammation and cholesterol efflux.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Leishmania amazonensis impairs phagosome acidification in B-1 phagocytes as an unrecognized parasite infection and proliferation mechanism.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Impact of sepsis on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and its implications for hematopoiesis and immunosuppression.

Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Isolation of Mouse Peritoneal Cavity Cells
04:32

Isolation of Mouse Peritoneal Cavity Cells

Published on: January 28, 2010

B-1 cells temper endotoxemic inflammatory responses.

Denise Frediani Barbeiro1, Hermes Vieira Barbeiro, Joel Faintuch

  • 1Clinical Laboratory in Emergency Medicine, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil. denisedna@hotmail.com

Immunobiology
|September 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary

B-1 cells, a type of lymphocyte, protect against sepsis by producing IL-10, which reduces inflammation. Mice lacking B-1 cells showed higher mortality and more severe inflammatory responses in a sepsis model.

More Related Videos

Intravenous Endotoxin Challenge in Healthy Humans: An Experimental Platform to Investigate and Modulate Systemic Inflammation
07:48

Intravenous Endotoxin Challenge in Healthy Humans: An Experimental Platform to Investigate and Modulate Systemic Inflammation

Published on: May 16, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Isolation of Mouse Peritoneal Cavity Cells
04:32

Isolation of Mouse Peritoneal Cavity Cells

Published on: January 28, 2010

Intravenous Endotoxin Challenge in Healthy Humans: An Experimental Platform to Investigate and Modulate Systemic Inflammation
07:48

Intravenous Endotoxin Challenge in Healthy Humans: An Experimental Platform to Investigate and Modulate Systemic Inflammation

Published on: May 16, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by dysregulated immune responses to infection.
  • B-1 cells are specialized lymphocytes known to produce anti-inflammatory mediators like IL-10.
  • B-1 cells are hypothesized to play a role in regulating the systemic inflammatory response during sepsis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of B-1 cells in modulating the inflammatory response in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis model.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which B-1 cells influence macrophage activation and cytokine production.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro co-culture experiments of B-1 cells and macrophages with LPS stimulation.
  • In vivo studies using B-1 cell-deficient (Balb/Xid) and wild-type mice subjected to LPS-induced sepsis.
  • Measurement of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6, nitrite) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) mediators.

Main Results:

  • B-1 cells produced IL-10 in response to LPS.
  • Co-culture of B-1 cells and macrophages reduced pro-inflammatory mediator production compared to macrophage monocultures.
  • B-1 cell-deficient mice exhibited significantly higher mortality rates and exacerbated pro-inflammatory responses following LPS administration.
  • IL-10 production by B-1 cells was crucial for suppressing inflammatory mediators.

Conclusions:

  • B-1 cells play a critical protective role in sepsis by modulating macrophage inflammatory responses.
  • The anti-inflammatory effect of B-1 cells in sepsis is primarily mediated by IL-10.
  • Targeting B-1 cell function or IL-10 production may offer therapeutic strategies for sepsis treatment.