Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Single-shot femtosecond x-ray holography using extended references.

Physical review letters·2010
Same author

Phase-retrieval algorithms for a complicated optical system.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Three-dimensional lensless imaging using laser frequency diversity.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Speckle from rough rotating objects.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Phase retrieval algorithms: a comparison.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Optical residue arithmetic computer with programmable computation modules.

Applied optics·2010
Same journal

Multifunctional reconfigurable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide phase transition: achieving broadband absorption and efficient polarization conversion.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-Q-factor electromagnetically induced transparency utilizing quasi-bound states in the continuum in an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Automated stitching interferometry for high-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Experimental demonstration of an approach to designing a metal-dielectric DBR resonant cavity structure.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-precision wavefront reconstruction from a single-shot interferogram using a physics-driven hybrid feature calibration network.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Ultra-high-Q Fano resonance based on coupled topological corner states in Kagome photonic crystals.

Applied optics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Time Multiplexing Super Resolving Technique for Imaging from a Moving Platform
06:25

Time Multiplexing Super Resolving Technique for Imaging from a Moving Platform

Published on: February 12, 2014

Hubble Space Telescope characterized by using phase-retrieval algorithms.

J R Fienup, J C Marron, T J Schulz

    Applied Optics
    |September 8, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Phase-retrieval algorithms accurately characterized the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) using out-of-focus images. Photon noise was not limiting, and multiple-plane propagation improved accuracy for aberration estimation.

    More Related Videos

    Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
    10:35

    Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO

    Published on: February 12, 2013

    Compact Lens-less Digital Holographic Microscope for MEMS Inspection and Characterization
    10:28

    Compact Lens-less Digital Holographic Microscope for MEMS Inspection and Characterization

    Published on: July 5, 2016

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

    Time Multiplexing Super Resolving Technique for Imaging from a Moving Platform
    06:25

    Time Multiplexing Super Resolving Technique for Imaging from a Moving Platform

    Published on: February 12, 2014

    Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
    10:35

    Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO

    Published on: February 12, 2013

    Compact Lens-less Digital Holographic Microscope for MEMS Inspection and Characterization
    10:28

    Compact Lens-less Digital Holographic Microscope for MEMS Inspection and Characterization

    Published on: July 5, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Astronomy
    • Optical Engineering
    • Image Processing

    Background:

    • Accurate characterization of optical systems like the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is crucial for understanding observational data.
    • Point spread functions (PSFs) are fundamental for analyzing optical performance and aberrations.
    • Phase-retrieval algorithms offer a powerful method for inferring optical properties from image data.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) using measured point spread functions (PSFs).
    • To evaluate the impact of image focus and photon noise on aberration estimation accuracy.
    • To assess the necessity of advanced wave-front propagation methods in phase-retrieval algorithms.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized phase-retrieval algorithms applied to measured point spread functions (PSFs) of the HST.
    • Employed Cramer-Rao lower bounds to analyze error in aberration estimation based on focus.
    • Performed reconstruction experiments with simulated and real data, comparing single-plane (FFT) vs. multiple-plane wave-front propagation.
    • Conducted pupil reconstruction to identify optical misalignments.

    Main Results:

    • Point spread functions (PSFs) taken well out of focus yielded smaller errors in aberration estimation.
    • Photon noise was determined not to be a limiting factor for out-of-focus PSFs.
    • Multiple-plane wave-front propagation was essential for achieving high accuracy, outperforming simple fast Fourier transforms.
    • Pupil reconstruction revealed a misalignment in the camera relay telescope's optical axis relative to the main HST.
    • The conic constant of the HST primary mirror was estimated at -1.0144 after accounting for relay optics aberrations.

    Conclusions:

    • Out-of-focus PSFs and advanced propagation methods enhance the accuracy of HST characterization via phase retrieval.
    • Optical misalignments in relay systems can be detected and corrected for precise primary mirror analysis.
    • The estimated conic constant provides a refined parameter for the HST's primary mirror.