Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Neural Circuits01:25

Neural Circuits

Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Convergence of backward-error-propagation learning in photorefractive crystals.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Optical parallel-access shared memory system: analysis and experimental demonstration.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Shared-memory optical/electronic computer: architecture and control.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Passive optical interconnection network employing a shuffle-exchange topology.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Incoherent dynamic lenslet array processor.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Analysis of weighted fan-out/fan-in volume holographic optical interconnections.

Applied optics·2010
Same journal

Multifunctional reconfigurable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide phase transition: achieving broadband absorption and efficient polarization conversion.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-Q-factor electromagnetically induced transparency utilizing quasi-bound states in the continuum in an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Automated stitching interferometry for high-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Experimental demonstration of an approach to designing a metal-dielectric DBR resonant cavity structure.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-precision wavefront reconstruction from a single-shot interferogram using a physics-driven hybrid feature calibration network.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Ultra-high-Q Fano resonance based on coupled topological corner states in Kagome photonic crystals.

Applied optics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Computational Modeling of Retinal Neurons for Visual Prosthesis Research - Fundamental Approaches
10:50

Computational Modeling of Retinal Neurons for Visual Prosthesis Research - Fundamental Approaches

Published on: June 21, 2022

Visual cortex operations and their implementation using the incoherent optical neuron model.

C H Wang, B K Jenkins, J M Wang

    Applied Optics
    |September 8, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces an incoherent optical neuron model for visual cortex simple cell simulation. The model successfully performs edge detection, orientation selection, and motion analysis using liquid-crystal light valves and holographic interconnections.

    More Related Videos

    Targeted Labeling of Neurons in a Specific Functional Micro-domain of the Neocortex by Combining Intrinsic Signal and Two-photon Imaging
    11:24

    Targeted Labeling of Neurons in a Specific Functional Micro-domain of the Neocortex by Combining Intrinsic Signal and Two-photon Imaging

    Published on: December 12, 2012

    Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits
    07:43

    Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits

    Published on: December 27, 2013

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

    Computational Modeling of Retinal Neurons for Visual Prosthesis Research - Fundamental Approaches
    10:50

    Computational Modeling of Retinal Neurons for Visual Prosthesis Research - Fundamental Approaches

    Published on: June 21, 2022

    Targeted Labeling of Neurons in a Specific Functional Micro-domain of the Neocortex by Combining Intrinsic Signal and Two-photon Imaging
    11:24

    Targeted Labeling of Neurons in a Specific Functional Micro-domain of the Neocortex by Combining Intrinsic Signal and Two-photon Imaging

    Published on: December 12, 2012

    Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits
    07:43

    Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits

    Published on: December 27, 2013

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Optical Computing
    • Computational Vision

    Background:

    • Simple cells in the visual cortex are crucial for processing visual information like edges and motion.
    • Existing models often require complex hardware or lack flexibility in simulating diverse neural functions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and demonstrate an incoherent optical neuron model capable of simulating visual cortex simple cells.
    • To implement a flexible optical system for edge detection, orientation selection, and motion analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized an incoherent optical neuron model with inhibitory and nonlinear output responses.
    • Employed Hughes liquid-crystal light valves for input transduction and optical neuron array implementation.
    • Used a multiplexed dichromated gelatin hologram for space-invariant network interconnections.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully implemented a model of visual cortex simple cells.
    • Demonstrated functions including edge detection, orientation selection, and direction/speed selection for moving objects.
    • Showcased the system's flexibility in implementing various simple cell properties by altering holographic interconnections.

    Conclusions:

    • The incoherent optical neuron model provides a viable platform for simulating complex visual processing functions.
    • The use of liquid-crystal light valves and holographic elements enables a flexible and efficient optical implementation of neural networks.