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Related Experiment Videos

Corneal arcus: some morphology and applied pathophysiology.

C I Phillips1, S Tsukahara, S M Gore

  • 1Department of Surgery (RIE), University of Edinburgh, Scotland.

Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Corneal arcus distribution in 101 patients shows greatest frequency and density at the 12 o'clock position. This pattern suggests a peripheral corneal filter function, potentially impacting immune complex filtration and ulceration risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Research
  • Ocular Pathology

Background:

  • Corneal arcus is a common finding, particularly in older individuals.
  • Its precise distribution and potential functional implications within the cornea remain areas of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the specific sectoral frequency and density of corneal arcus in a patient cohort.
  • To explore potential physiological explanations for observed patterns of corneal arcus distribution.
  • To investigate the relationship between corneal arcus morphology and peripheral corneal ulceration.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative assessment of corneal arcus frequency, density, and breadth across 12 peripheral corneal sectors in 101 patients.
  • Statistical analysis to identify significant differences in arcus properties between sectors.

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  • Correlation analysis between arcus breadth and density.

    • Main Results:

    • Corneal arcus demonstrated the highest frequency and density in the 12 o'clock sector, with symmetrical involvement in nasal and temporal sectors.
    • Both properties decreased progressively towards the 6 o'clock sector.
    • A significant positive correlation was found between arcus breadth and density.

    Conclusions:

    • The observed pattern suggests corneal arcus may indicate a peripheral corneal filtration site for particulate matter and immune complexes.
    • This filtration mechanism, particularly at the upper limbus, may predispose to peripheral corneal ulcerations.
    • The morphology of corneal arcus provides insights into corneal physiology and pathology.