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Related Concept Videos

Replication in Prokaryotes01:32

Replication in Prokaryotes

DNA replication has three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. Replication in prokaryotes begins when initiator proteins bind to the single origin of replication (ori) on the cell's circular chromosome. Replication then proceeds around the entire circle of the chromosome in each direction from the two replication forks, resulting in two DNA molecules.
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In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
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G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome
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How often is prep close to the true replication probability?

David Trafimow1, Justin A MacDonald, Stephen Rice

  • 1Department of Psychology, New Mexico State University, MSC 3452, PO Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA. dtrafimo@nmsu.edu

Psychological Methods
|September 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers exploring alternatives to null hypothesis significance testing found that "prep" statistics are unlikely to accurately reflect replication probabilities. Simulations indicate that prep is unreliable unless effect sizes and sample sizes are exceptionally large.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychological science
  • Statistical methods

Background:

  • Growing dissatisfaction with null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) has led to the exploration of alternative statistical measures.
  • The "prep" statistic has been proposed as an indicator of the probability of replicating a finding in the same direction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of "prep" statistics as a measure of true replication probability.
  • To investigate the conditions under which "prep" statistics approximate true replication probabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Monte Carlo simulations were employed to assess the performance of "prep" statistics.
  • Simulations varied population effect magnitudes and sample sizes to examine their impact on "prep" accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Under both proposed definitions of "prep" (probability of replication vs. probability of directional finding), the statistic was frequently inaccurate.
  • High accuracy was only observed under conditions of uncommonly large population effect magnitudes and sample sizes.

Conclusions:

  • The "prep" statistic faces significant challenges regarding definitional ambiguity and inherent inaccuracy.
  • Routine computation of "prep" statistics is problematic due to its unreliability as a measure of replication probability.