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Right-shift for non-speech motor processing in adults who stutter.

Nicole E Neef1, Kristina Jung, Holger Rothkegel

  • 1Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, Goettingen, Germany.

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|September 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary

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In adults who stutter (AWS), the right dorsolateral premotor cortex (PMd) plays a key role in controlling finger movement timing, unlike adults who do not stutter (AWNS). This suggests a shift in brain network control for motor tasks.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Speech and Language Disorders

Background:

  • In adults who do not stutter (AWNS), hand movement timing is typically controlled by the left dorsolateral premotor cortex (PMd).
  • Adults who stutter (AWS) exhibit altered speech motor control networks, often shifted to the right hemisphere.
  • Motor deficits in AWS extend beyond speech to non-speech orofacial and finger movements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the lateralization of finger movement timing control in adults who stutter (AWS).
  • To compare the role of the dorsolateral premotor cortex (PMd) in finger tapping synchronization between AWS and AWNS.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized subthreshold repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left and right PMd in 14 right-handed AWS and 15 age-matched AWNS.

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  • Participants synchronized index finger taps with auditory cues before and after rTMS.
  • Assessed synchronization accuracy to determine the impact of PMd stimulation on motor timing.

    • Main Results:

    • In AWNS, inhibiting the left PMd disrupted left-hand synchronization accuracy.
    • In AWS, stimulating the right PMd led to increased asynchrony in left-hand tapping.
    • These findings highlight hemispheric differences in PMd involvement for motor timing.

    Conclusions:

    • The right PMd appears crucial for timed non-speech movements in AWS.
    • The observed shift in lateralization suggests a compensatory function of the right PMd in AWS for performing timed motor tasks.
    • This indicates altered functional connectivity within motor networks in individuals who stutter.