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Related Concept Videos

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of gastritis begins with the colonization of the stomach lining by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium spreads mainly via the oral-oral route through saliva or shared utensils, and can also be transmitted in overcrowded or unhygienic environments through contaminated water, despite its brief survival outside the body.ColonizationOnce ingested, H. pylori enters the stomach and begins colonization by navigating through the mucus layer lining the stomach wall. It...
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
Peptic Ulcer01:27

Peptic Ulcer

Peptic ulcers are erosive lesions of the gastric or duodenal lining, most commonly caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. This Gram-negative, helical bacterium has adapted to survive the stomach’s acidic environment by producing urease, which converts urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. The ammonia neutralizes gastric acid in the bacterium’s immediate environment, allowing colonization of the gastric mucosa. H. pylori attaches to mucus-secreting epithelial cells, penetrates the mucus...
Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types01:27

Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types

Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
Acute gastritis presents as a sudden inflammation triggered by various stressors to the stomach lining, such as exposure to corrosive agents, local irritants like aspirin and other NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy, physical trauma, severe burns, sepsis,...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Multi-Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection in Gastric Cancer Based on Ion Semiconductor Sequencing Platform
06:21

Multi-Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection in Gastric Cancer Based on Ion Semiconductor Sequencing Platform

Published on: May 10, 2024

[Hereditary gastric cancer].

E-M Wolf1, J B Geigl, M Svrcek

  • 1Institut für Pathologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036, Graz, Österreich.

Der Pathologe
|September 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, linked to CDH1 gene mutations, presents a high risk, especially for women. Early detection and multidisciplinary management are crucial for this autosomal dominant syndrome.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Oncology
  • Gastrointestinal Pathology

Background:

  • Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is an autosomal dominant syndrome with high penetrance.
  • Lifetime risk for gastric cancer is significant, particularly for women (63%-83%).
  • Germline CDH1 gene mutations are found in 25%-40% of affected individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide comprehensive information on HDGC from pathological and human genetic perspectives.
  • To emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary management for patients with HDGC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pathological features, including multifocal diffuse signet-ring cell carcinoma and linitis plastica.
  • Identification of in situ signet-ring cell carcinoma in the foveolar neck region as a precursor lesion.
  • Discussion of diagnostic aids like Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) staining for early detection.

More Related Videos

Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Gastrointestinal Cancer
07:50

Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Gastrointestinal Cancer

Published on: September 18, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Multi-Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection in Gastric Cancer Based on Ion Semiconductor Sequencing Platform
06:21

Multi-Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection in Gastric Cancer Based on Ion Semiconductor Sequencing Platform

Published on: May 10, 2024

Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Gastrointestinal Cancer
07:50

Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Gastrointestinal Cancer

Published on: September 18, 2020

Main Results:

  • HDGC is characterized by specific histological findings, including pagetoid spread of tumor cells.
  • The CDH1 gene encodes E-cadherin, vital for cell adhesion and signal transduction.
  • Average age at diagnosis is around 40 years, with varying risks based on sex.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the genetic basis (CDH1 mutations) and pathological hallmarks is key to diagnosing HDGC.
  • A coordinated, multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimal patient care and management of HDGC.