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Related Concept Videos

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers

Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the generated carbocation,...
Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...

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Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
08:12

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

Published on: December 16, 2022

Polyhomologation. A living C1 polymerization.

Jun Luo1, Kenneth J Shea

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA.

Accounts of Chemical Research
|September 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study explores novel polymerization methods for creating hydrocarbon polymers with controlled molecular weight and topology. These "living polymerization" techniques offer precise control over polymer properties for specialized applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Organic Synthesis

Background:

  • Synthetic macromolecule properties (molecular weight, topology, PDI) are crucial for material utility.
  • Conventional polymerization methods offer limited control over these properties.
  • Living polymerization techniques have advanced polymer and materials science by enabling precise control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate novel polymerization reactions for synthesizing hydrocarbon polymers with controlled molecular weight and topology.
  • To explore C1 polymerization using non-olefin monomers like ylides and diazoalkanes.
  • To build upon existing research in Lewis acid-catalyzed diazoalkane polymerization and trialkylborane-initiated living polymerization.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on polymerization reactions employing non-olefin monomers.
  • Utilized C1 polymerization, building the carbon backbone one carbon at a time.
  • Leveraged earlier investigations of Lewis acid-catalyzed polymerization of diazoalkanes and trialkylborane-initiated living polymerization of dimethylsulfoxonium methylide.

Main Results:

  • Developed controlled synthesis of linear polyethylene with potential for molecular weight and topological control.
  • Demonstrated a novel approach using ylides and diazoalkanes for C1 polymerization.
  • The synthesized specialized materials are valuable for studying structure-property relationships.

Conclusions:

  • Novel polymerization reactions offer precise control over hydrocarbon polymer synthesis.
  • These methods provide specialized materials for structure-property relationship studies, guiding future polymer development.
  • While not competitive for bulk production, these controlled polymerizations are vital for advanced material design.