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Fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus provides replication membranes for human rhinovirus 1A

Claire A Quiner1, William T Jackson

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Infectious Disease Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.

Virology
|September 10, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Human rhinovirus 1A (HRV-1A) hijacks Golgi membranes to replicate its RNA. The viral 3A protein fragments the Golgi, creating vesicles essential for viral RNA replication.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Positive-stranded RNA viruses utilize host cell membranes for replication.
  • The specific organelle source for human rhinovirus 1A (HRV-1A) replication membranes was previously unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the source of replication membranes for HRV-1A.
  • To elucidate the role of the HRV-1A 3A protein in membrane rearrangement.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of HRV-1A infection in host cells.
  • Microscopic analysis of Golgi apparatus fragmentation and membrane vesicle formation.
  • Co-localization studies of viral RNA and the 3A protein with cellular membranes.
  • Expression of the HRV-1A 3A protein in host cells.

Main Results:

  • HRV-1A infection causes fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus.
  • Golgi membranes are reorganized into vesicles (250-500 nm) that associate with viral RNA.
  • The HRV-1A 3A protein expression mimics Golgi alterations seen during infection and localizes to these membranes.
  • These findings strongly suggest Golgi-derived vesicles are sites of viral RNA replication.

Conclusions:

  • The Golgi apparatus is a novel source of replication membranes for HRV-1A.
  • The HRV-1A 3A protein is crucial for fragmenting the Golgi and generating these replication vesicles.

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