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Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

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Published on: March 3, 2023

[Carbapenemases in enterobacteriaceae].

P Nordmann¹, A Carrer

¹Service de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 78, Rue du Général Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France. nordmann.patrice@bct.aphp.fr

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie

|September 10, 2010

Summary

Carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamases (CHBLs) are a major threat, causing resistance to carbapenems in bacteria like Enterobacteriaceae. Their global spread, particularly KPC and metallo-enzymes, complicates infection treatment.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Infectious Diseases
Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

Carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamases (CHBLs) represent the most potent carbapenem resistance mechanism.
CHBLs, including KPC, metallo-enzymes (VIM, IMP), and OXA-48, are increasingly prevalent worldwide in Enterobacteriaceae.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the global epidemiology and characteristics of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE).
To highlight the challenges in detecting and managing infections caused by these multidrug-resistant organisms.

Main Methods:

Literature review of carbapenemase types, geographical distribution, and clinical implications.
Analysis of resistance mechanisms, genetic location (predominantly plasmid-borne), and sources of infection (nosocomial and community-acquired).

Main Results:

KPC-type carbapenemases are endemic in Israel and Greece, while metallo-enzymes are prevalent in Southern Europe and Asia.
OXA-48 carbapenemases are frequently found in Mediterranean countries.
Carbapenemase production is often associated with multidrug resistance, complicating treatment options.

Conclusions:

The widespread dissemination of carbapenemase genes, often on plasmids in Klebsiella pneumoniae, poses a significant global health threat.
Difficulties in detecting infected patients and carriers contribute to the silent spread of CPE, leading to severe therapeutic consequences.