Fundamentals of EEG spectral analysis

Recent progress in the fields of informatics and engineering has enabled a large diffusion of computers in clinical practice too. Availability of these computing facilities has introduced several quantitative methods to analyze electrophysiological signals. Among these techniques spectral analysis is the most used in quantitative electroencephalography. This article introduces some fundamental concepts of the theory of stochastic processes. The power density function and its descriptors useful in EEG analysis are also presented. The various possibilities of the appropriate application of this methodology are discussed.