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Related Concept Videos

Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems01:21

Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems

Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems01:11

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems

Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...
Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Ferromagnetic Bare Metal Stent for Endothelial Cell Capture and Retention
11:01

Ferromagnetic Bare Metal Stent for Endothelial Cell Capture and Retention

Published on: September 18, 2015

Drug-eluting stents.

Xiaodong Ma, Tim Wu, Michael P Robich

    International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
    |September 10, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Drug-eluting stents (DESs) reduce restenosis in coronary artery disease (CAD) but risk thrombosis. This review examines DES components to guide future designs for improved safety and efficacy.

    Keywords:
    Drug-eluting stentsrestenosisthrombosis

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    Mitigation of Blood Borne Cell Attachment to Metal Implants through CD47-Derived Peptide Immobilization
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    Fabrication of Small Caliber Stent-grafts Using Electrospinning and Balloon Expandable Bare Metal Stents
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    Fabrication of Small Caliber Stent-grafts Using Electrospinning and Balloon Expandable Bare Metal Stents

    Published on: October 26, 2016

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    Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

    Ferromagnetic Bare Metal Stent for Endothelial Cell Capture and Retention
    11:01

    Ferromagnetic Bare Metal Stent for Endothelial Cell Capture and Retention

    Published on: September 18, 2015

    Mitigation of Blood Borne Cell Attachment to Metal Implants through CD47-Derived Peptide Immobilization
    08:13

    Mitigation of Blood Borne Cell Attachment to Metal Implants through CD47-Derived Peptide Immobilization

    Published on: December 3, 2020

    Fabrication of Small Caliber Stent-grafts Using Electrospinning and Balloon Expandable Bare Metal Stents
    06:55

    Fabrication of Small Caliber Stent-grafts Using Electrospinning and Balloon Expandable Bare Metal Stents

    Published on: October 26, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Medicine
    • Biomaterials Science
    • Interventional Cardiology

    Background:

    • Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a primary global cause of mortality.
    • Drug-eluting stents (DESs) are crucial in interventional cardiology for reducing restenosis.
    • Late-stage stent thrombosis is a significant adverse event associated with DES.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the developmental progress of the three core components of DES.
    • To elucidate the impact of each DES component on restenosis and thrombosis.
    • To offer insights for the future design of improved DES.

    Main Methods:

    • Comprehensive literature review focusing on stent platforms, drug delivery vehicles, and therapeutic agents used in DES.
    • Analysis of studies evaluating the efficacy and safety profiles of various DES components.
    • Synthesis of data on the mechanisms underlying restenosis and thrombosis related to DES.

    Main Results:

    • The stent platform influences biocompatibility and thrombogenicity.
    • Drug delivery vehicles modulate drug release kinetics, affecting both efficacy and safety.
    • The choice of drug and its elution profile are critical for preventing neointimal hyperplasia and thrombosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Optimizing stent platform, drug carrier, and drug selection is essential for next-generation DES.
    • Future DES designs should aim to balance anti-restenotic effects with minimized thrombotic risk.
    • Further research into component interactions will enhance DES performance in treating CAD.