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Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Assessment of Kidney Function in Mouse Models of Glomerular Disease
09:16

Assessment of Kidney Function in Mouse Models of Glomerular Disease

Published on: June 30, 2018

Podocyte-specific VEGF down-regulation and pathophysiological development.

Shuzhi Zhang1, Yan Ji, Xiao Liu

  • 1National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China.

IUBMB Life
|September 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is crucial for kidney health in adult mice. Down-regulating podocyte VEGF caused significant kidney dysfunction and increased susceptibility to damage.

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Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Assessment of Kidney Function in Mouse Models of Glomerular Disease
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Published on: June 30, 2018

Quantification of Vascular Parameters in Whole Mount Retinas of Mice with Non-Proliferative and Proliferative Retinopathies
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Glomerular Outgrowth as an Ex Vivo Assay to Analyze Pathways Involved in Parietal Epithelial Cell Activation
06:39

Glomerular Outgrowth as an Ex Vivo Assay to Analyze Pathways Involved in Parietal Epithelial Cell Activation

Published on: August 19, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is vital in development and disease, but its role in adult tissues is poorly understood.
  • Anti-angiogenic therapies targeting VEGF have demonstrated adverse effects, highlighting the need to understand VEGF's normal functions.
  • Podocytes, critical for kidney filtration, rely on VEGF for proper function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of podocyte-specific Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in normal adult mice.
  • To determine the consequences of VEGF down-regulation in podocytes on kidney performance and susceptibility to injury.

Main Methods:

  • A conditional expression model (Tet-On system) was employed to achieve podocyte-specific VEGF down-regulation in adult mice.
  • Kidney function was assessed through measurements of glomerular morphology, proteinuria, water consumption, urination, urine electro-conductivity, and response to Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) stress.

Main Results:

  • Down-regulation of podocyte VEGF led to significant glomerular morphological changes.
  • Mice with reduced podocyte VEGF exhibited impaired kidney function, including proteinuria, altered water balance, and increased urine conductivity.
  • These mice showed heightened susceptibility to kidney damage when subjected to Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) stress.

Conclusions:

  • Podocyte-specific VEGF is essential for maintaining normal kidney function in adult mice.
  • VEGF down-regulation in podocytes results in kidney dysfunction and increased vulnerability to nephrotoxic insults.
  • These findings underscore the importance of maintaining VEGF levels in podocytes for renal health and disease prevention.