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Related Concept Videos

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction01:26

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...
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Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...
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Adrenal Gland Disorders

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Huntington Disease l: Introduction

Huntington disease or HD is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.PathophysiologyIt is caused by expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene on chromosome 4 (4p16.3), producing an abnormal huntingtin protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract. This misfolded protein disrupts cellular function, leading to neuronal death. Normal alleles have ≤26 repeats, 27–35 are intermediate (risk of expansion), 36–39 show reduced penetrance,...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
06:08

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

Mortality in Cushing's disease.

R N Clayton1

  • 1University Hospital of North Staffordshire, and Keele University, Stoke on Trent, UK. r.n.clayton@keele.ac.uk

Neuroendocrinology
|September 11, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long-term outcomes for Cushing's disease (CD) show similar mortality to the general population if hypercortisolism is resolved. Persistent disease significantly increases mortality, highlighting the need for effective treatment strategies.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
06:08

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Cushing's syndrome (CS) causes premature death via vascular disease, diabetes, and infections.
  • Pituitary-dependent Cushing's disease (CD) accounts for 80% of CS cases.
  • Transsphenoidal surgery was the primary treatment for CD between 1970-1990.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review long-term mortality outcomes in pituitary-dependent Cushing's disease (CD).
  • To assess the impact of hypercortisolism remission on patient survival.
  • To identify factors contributing to mortality in CD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of six English-language studies on CD mortality (1970-1990).
  • Analysis of standardized mortality ratios (SMR) in patients with CD.
  • Identification of contributing factors to mortality, including hypertension and diabetes.

Main Results:

  • Overall SMR for patients in remission was approximately 1.5, not significantly different from the general population.
  • SMR was significantly higher for patients with persistent CD.
  • Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and persistent hypercortisolism were significant mortality predictors.

Conclusions:

  • Achieving remission of hypercortisolism in CD is crucial for long-term survival.
  • Persistent disease and comorbidities significantly increase mortality risk.
  • Multicenter prospective studies with extended follow-up are needed for definitive outcomes.