Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Preparation of Amines: Alkylation of Ammonia and Amines01:30

Preparation of Amines: Alkylation of Ammonia and Amines

Alkylation is one of the methods used to prepare amines. Direct alkylation of ammonia or a primary amine with an alkyl halide gives polyalkylated amines along with a quaternary ammonium salt through successive SN2 reactions. This process of making the quaternary salt through the direct alkylation method is called exhaustive alkylation.
Each alkylation step makes the nitrogen center more nucleophilic, which triggers successive alkylations until a quaternary ammonium salt is formed. Considering...
Optimizing Chromatographic Separations01:15

Optimizing Chromatographic Separations

Optimizing chromatographic separations is crucial for obtaining clean separations in a minimum amount of time. Optimization is required for several factors, including kinetic effects related to band broadening, plate height, capacity factor, and separation factor.
Band broadening refers to spreading solute bands as they travel through the column. This broadening can impact resolution. Plate height (H) represents the length required for one theoretical plate. A lower plate height corresponds to...
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines01:25

Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents01:26

EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents

EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Adapting Trauma-Informed Group Therapy for Youth in Residential Treatment: Applying the ADAPT-ITT Framework.

Journal of child & adolescent trauma·2026
Same author

Impact of Medicaid Expansion on Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Survival in the Southern US.

Journal of the American College of Surgeons·2026
Same author

Estimating soil P pools and desorption rates using flow-through cells.

Journal of environmental quality·2025
Same author

How does patient reported satiety, hunger, and appetite change after metabolic and bariatric surgery? A comparison between sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Surgical endoscopy·2025
Same author

Identifying dissolved reactive phosphorus sources in agricultural runoff and leachate using phosphate oxygen isotopes.

Journal of contaminant hydrology·2025
Same author

Multi-Institutional Analysis of Choledocholithiasis in Pediatric vs Adult Patients.

Journal of pediatric surgery·2024
Same journal

Assessing the performance of aged field-scale woodchip bioreactors in Iowa.

Journal of environmental quality·2026
Same journal

Spatial structuring dominates over seasonality in tropical coastal microbiomes: Insights from New Caledonia's Indo-Pacific lagoon.

Journal of environmental quality·2026
Same journal

Neonicotinoid contamination in aquatic ecosystems: A comprehensive review of toxic effects, underlying mechanisms, and mitigation strategies with implications for farmed teleosts.

Journal of environmental quality·2026
Same journal

Macroaggregates dominate colloidal phosphorus sequestration in Ultisol paddies: Evidence from size-fractionation experiments.

Journal of environmental quality·2026
Same journal

Harnessing biochar and plant growth-promoting bacteria for sustainable crop production under reclaimed water irrigation: A review.

Journal of environmental quality·2026
Same journal

Invasive plant species for compost production: Review of environmental and economic insights.

Journal of environmental quality·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Resource Recycling of Red Soil to Synthesize Fe2O3/FAU-type Zeolite Composite Material for Heavy Metal Removal
05:52

Resource Recycling of Red Soil to Synthesize Fe2O3/FAU-type Zeolite Composite Material for Heavy Metal Removal

Published on: June 2, 2022

Maximizing ammonium nitrogen removal from solution using different zeolites.

Chad J Penn1, Jason G Warren, Savannah Smith

  • 1Dep. of Plant and Soil Science, Oklahoma State Univ., 367 Agricultural Hall, Stillwater, OK, 47078-1020, USA. chad.penn@okstate.edu

Journal of Environmental Quality
|September 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Zeolite minerals effectively remove ammonium nitrogen (NH4+) from wastewater. Flow-through systems with over 100 seconds of contact time optimize NH4+ sorption, confirmed by isothermal calorimetry indicating rapid ion exchange.

More Related Videos

Adsorption Device Based on a Langatate Crystal Microbalance for High Temperature High Pressure Gas Adsorption in Zeolite H-ZSM-5
09:46

Adsorption Device Based on a Langatate Crystal Microbalance for High Temperature High Pressure Gas Adsorption in Zeolite H-ZSM-5

Published on: August 25, 2016

Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent
11:14

Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent

Published on: February 21, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Resource Recycling of Red Soil to Synthesize Fe2O3/FAU-type Zeolite Composite Material for Heavy Metal Removal
05:52

Resource Recycling of Red Soil to Synthesize Fe2O3/FAU-type Zeolite Composite Material for Heavy Metal Removal

Published on: June 2, 2022

Adsorption Device Based on a Langatate Crystal Microbalance for High Temperature High Pressure Gas Adsorption in Zeolite H-ZSM-5
09:46

Adsorption Device Based on a Langatate Crystal Microbalance for High Temperature High Pressure Gas Adsorption in Zeolite H-ZSM-5

Published on: August 25, 2016

Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent
11:14

Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent

Published on: February 21, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Zeolite minerals are effective sorbents for ammonium nitrogen (NH4+).
  • Ammonium contamination in animal wastes, leachates, and industrial effluents is a significant environmental concern.
  • Understanding zeolite performance under various conditions is crucial for efficient wastewater treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare NH4+ removal and kinetics of different commercial zeolites.
  • To evaluate the impact of synthetic vs. natural swine effluent on NH4+ sorption.
  • To assess the efficacy of batch vs. flow-through systems for NH4+ removal.
  • To determine if isothermal calorimetry can provide insights into NH4+ removal kinetics.

Main Methods:

  • Ammonium sorption was compared using synthetic and natural swine effluent.
  • Zeolites were tested in batch-shaken and "tea bag" systems.
  • A flow-through system measured NH4+ sorption at various retention times.
  • Isothermal calorimetry monitored the heat response during NH4+ sorption.

Main Results:

  • NH4+ removal efficiency was similar between synthetic and natural swine effluent.
  • Batch-shaken systems showed higher NH4+ removal than stirred systems, indicating diffusion limitations.
  • Flow-through systems with >100 s contact time achieved greater NH4+ sorption.
  • Calorimetry revealed an initial rapid NH4(+)-K+ exchange followed by a slower phase, with the 100-s mark indicating optimal reaction time.

Conclusions:

  • Flow-through systems with sufficient contact time (>100 s) are superior for maximizing zeolite NH4+ sorption.
  • Maintaining high NH4+ concentration and removing exchange products are critical for efficient removal.
  • Isothermal calorimetry is a valuable tool for understanding the kinetics of NH4+ sorption by zeolites.